Table 3.
PSM analysis comparison
| Total N = 173 |
Group M N = 115 |
Group S N = 58 |
P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operative time (minutes), mean (SD) | 229.5 (92.9) | 238.7 (91.7) | 212.1 (93.2) | 0.811 |
| Extraction site midline laparotomy, N (%) | 70 (40.5) | 34 (58.6) | 36 (31.3) | 0.001 |
| SL/WL ratio, median (IQR)a | 4.80 (4.0–6.9) | 4.75 (4.0–6.2) | 4.80 (4.0–7.6) | 0.798 |
| Length of hospital stay (days), median (IQR) | 7.0 (5.0–12.0) | 7.0 (5.0–12.0) | 6.5 (4.0–12.2) | 0.593 |
| Surgical wound classification | ||||
| Grade I | 51 (29.5) | 22 (19.1) | 29 (50.0) | |
| Grade II | 103 (59.5) | 76 (66.1) | 27 (46.5) | |
| Grade III | 18 (10.4) | 16 (13.9) | 2 (3.5) | |
| Grade IV | 1(0.6) | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Surgical wound classification III–IV, N (%) | 19 (11.1) | 17 (15.0) | 2 (3.4) | 0.022 |
| Specialties | ||||
| General and Digestive Surgery, N (%) | 114 (65.9) | 90 (78.9) | 24 (21.1) | |
| Gynecology, N (%) | 18 (10.4) | 14 (77.8) | 4 (22.2) | |
| Urology, N (%) | 33 (19.1) | 3 (9.1) | 30 (90.9) | |
| Vascular, N (%) | 8 (4.6) | 8 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Complications Grade | ||||
| Grade 0, N (%) | 44 (25.4) | 26 (22.6) | 18 (31.0) | |
| Grade I, N (%) | 33 (19.1) | 25 (21.7) | 8 (13.8) | |
| Grade II, N (%) | 63 (36.4) | 46 (40.0) | 17 (29.3) | |
| Grade IIIa, N (%) | 7 (4.0) | 5 (4.3) | 2 (3.4) | |
| Grade IIIb, N (%) | 21 (12.1) | 12 (10.4) | 9 (15.5) | |
| Grade IV, N (%) | 3 (1.7) | 1 (0.9) | 2 (3.4) | |
| Grade V, N (%) | 2 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.4) | |
| Overall complications | 129 (74.6) | 89 (77.4) | 40 (69.0) | 0.230 |
| Wound complications | ||||
| SSO, N (%) | 67 (38.7) | 45 (39.1) | 22 (37.9) | 0.878 |
| SSI, N (%) | 38 (22.0) | 24 (20.9) | 14 (24.1) | 0.624 |
| Superficial SSI, N (%) | 21 (55.3) | 14 58.3) | 7 (50.0) | |
| Deep SSI, N (%) | 6 (15.8) | 4 (16.7) | 2 (14.3) | |
| Organ space, N (%) | 11 (28.9) | 6 (25.0) | 5 (35.7) | |
| Seroma, N (%) | 30 (17.3) | 24 (20.9) | 6 (10.3) | 0.084 |
| Hematoma, N (%) | 9 (5.2) | 4 (3.5) | 5 (8.6) | 0.150 |
| Fascial dehiscence, N = 158 (%) | 9 (5.7) | 1 (1.0) | 8 (14.5) | < 0.0001 |
| Subgroups SB, N = 71 (%) | 2 (2.8) | 1 (1.7) | 1 (10.0) | 0.27 |
| Subgroups NSB, N = 87 (%) | 7 (8.0) | 0(0.0) | 7 (15.6) | 0.012 |
| Incisional hernia, N = 141 (%) | 20 (14.2) | 7 (7.2) | 13 (29.5) | < 0.0001 |
| Subgroups SB, N = 65 (%) | 8 (12.3) | 5 (9.1) | 3 (37.5) | 0.057 |
| Subgroups NSB N = 76 (%) | 12 (15.8) | 2 (4.8) | 10 (27.8) | 0.009 |
SD standard deviation; IQR interquartile range; ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI body mass index; DM diabetes mellitus; COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRF chronic renal failure; AAA abdominal aortic aneurysm
aRegistered in 12 patients of Group S and in 45 of Group M