. 2021 Apr 3;12(1):118–127. doi: 10.34172/apb.2022.013

Table 2. The effects of interventions on the measured biomarkers in the study patients .

Variable	Melatonin (n=20)	Placebo (n=20)	P value ^*	Mean of difference (95% CI)	Effect size
MDA (µmol/L)
Baseline	19.67±12.98 14.85 (10.82-24.82)	14.29±7.82 11.35 (9.35-17.84)	0.457	2.75 (-4.65, 10.14)	0.239
End	15.94±8.62 14.45 (10.13-17.52)	13.31±8.92 11.26 (8.87-17.00)	0.457	2.75 (-4.65, 10.14)	0.239
P value^**	0.204	0.627
S100B (pg/mL)
Baseline	312.79±308.21 232.10 (74.18-458.54)	318.84±218.58 392.87 (123.35-481.68)	0.163	104.33 (-44.09, 252.75)	0.452
End	236.71±227.20 147.38 (60.50-406.28)	347.08±215.57 433.69 (167.96-527.29)	0.163	104.33 (-44.09, 252.75)	0.452
P value^**	0.204	0.526
CRP (mg/L)
Baseline	80.28±20.74 81.5 (69.50-94.25)	76.28±33.68 86 (65.25-89.25)	0.554	-8.07 ( -35.74, 19.60)	-0.229
End	75.28±31.96 74.5 (45.50-106.25)	63.21±28.68 75 (36.75-81.75)	0.554	-8.07 ( -35.74, 19.60)	-0.229
P value^***	0.546	0.247

CI: confidence interval; MDA: malondialdehyde; CRP: C-reactive protein.

The values are presented as mean ± standard deviation and median (first and third quartiles); ^*Independent-samples t-test (between-group comparison); ^**Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks test (within-group comparison); ^***Paired-samples t-test (within-group comparison).