Table 2.
Characteristics of COVID-19 survivors with and without loss of smell
| Variables | Loss smell group N = 51 |
Non-loss smell group N = 30 |
p* value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median (IQ) | Median (IQ) | ||
| Age (years) | 33 (27–41) | 34 (29.50–41.25) | 0.32 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.87 (25–32.56) | 25.91 (21.15–28.40) | 0.009 |
| Gender | |||
| Female, n (%) | 30 (58.82) | 9 (30) | 0.01 |
| Marital status | 0.52 | ||
| Single | 13 (25.49) | 5 (16.66) | |
| Married | 36 (70.58) | 25 (83.33) | |
| Separated/divorced | 1 (1.96) | 0 | |
| Widow | 1 (1.96) | 0 | |
| Education, n = 81 | 0.78 | ||
| Less than high school diploma, n (%) | 7 (13.72) | 2 (6.66) | |
| High school diploma or an equivalent degree, n (%) | 20 (39.21) | 12 (40) | |
| Bachelor, n (%) | 22 (43.13) | 15 (50) | |
| Master or doctorate degree, n (%) | 2 (3.92) | 1 (3.33) | |
| Antihypertensive drug, yes, n (%) | 2 (3.92) | 1 (3.33) | 0.24 |
| Admitted to a hospital, yes, n (%) | 10 (19.60) | 4 (13.33) | 0.47 |
| Admitted to an ICU, yes, n (%) | 2 (3.92) | 2 (6.66) | 0.58 |
| Pregnancy, yes, n (%) | 2 (3.92) | 0 | 0.27 |
| Breathless, yes, n (%) | 20 (39.21) | 2 (6.66) | 0.01 |
| Headache, yes, n (%) | 26 (50.98) | 10 (33.33) | 0.12 |
| Vomiting, yes, n (%) | 8 (15.68) | 5 (16.66) | 0.90 |
| Continuous cough, yes, n (%) | 18 (35.29) | 6 (20) | 0.14 |
| PSQI global score | 4 (3–8) | 3 (2–7) | 0.03 |
| FSS total transformed | 4 (2.22–5.33) | 2.55 (1.86–3.22) | 0.005 |
| PHQ total | 6 (3–9) | 2 (1–6) | 0.01 |
Values are expressed as median (interquartile range [IQ]) or frequency
ICU intensive care unit; PSQI Pittsburgh sleep quality index; FSS fatigue severity scale; PHQ patient health questionnaire
*Denotes p value ≤ 0.05 using Mann–Whitney U test and chi-squared test