Table 2.

Chemotherapeutics inducing immunogenic apoptosis

Chemotherapeutics	Types of tumor cells	Markers of ICD induction, DAMPs	Vaccination effectiveness, %
Anthracyclines (doxorubicin, daunorubicin, and idarubicin), doxorubicin-loaded liposomes[4, 68]	Murine CT26 colon carcinoma	CRT exposure, ER stress, eIF2α phosphorylation, HMGB1 release, ATP secretion	Doxorubicin, 80; Daunorubicin, 35; Idarubicin, 45
Oxaliplatin [9, 69, 70, 71]	Murine CT26 colon carcinoma, RKO and HCT116 human colorectal carcinoma	CRT exposure, HMGB1 release	Oxaliplatin, 80
Microtubule inhibitors (colchicine, CMQ, FMQ, nocodazole, epothilone B, Taxotere)[67, 72]	Murine CT26 colon carcinoma	ER stress, CRT exposure, PERK-dependent phosphorylation of eIF2α	Nocodazole, 80
Cardiac glycosides (digoxin DIG, digitoxin DIGT) [65, 73]	MCA205 mouse fibrosarcoma, murine B16 melanoma	CRT exposure, HMGB1 release, ATP secretion	DIG/DIGT +; cisplatin – 70–90; DIG/DIGT +; mitomycin – 60–90