Table A.2.

Well-being by gender: Medical/Health factors.

	Female	Female	Female	Male	Male	Male	Difference
$\Delta$ Symptoms: No	−0.22${}^{\ast \ast \ast }$			−0.07${}^{\ast \ast \ast }$			[0.00]
	(0.02)			(0.02)
$\phantom{M}$ Yes	−0.39${}^{\ast \ast \ast }$			−0.14${}^{\ast \ast }$			[0.00]
	(0.07)			(0.06)
$\Delta$ Vulnerable: No		−0.23${}^{\ast \ast \ast }$			−0.07${}^{\ast \ast \ast }$		[0.00]
		(0.02)			(0.02)
$\phantom{M}$ Yes		−0.30${}^{\ast \ast \ast }$			−0.11		[0.20]
		(0.11)			(0.09)
$\Delta$ Receiving help: Less			−0.33${}^{\ast \ast \ast }$			−0.23${}^{\ast }$	[0.54]
			(0.09)			(0.13)
$\phantom{M}$ No change			−0.19${}^{\ast \ast \ast }$			−0.04	[0.00]
			(0.02)			(0.03)
$\phantom{M}$ More			−0.35${}^{\ast \ast \ast }$			−0.18${}^{\ast \ast \ast }$	[0.03]
			(0.06)			(0.05)
Observations	7136	7136	6846	5161	5161	5014
Adjusted $R^2$	0.049	0.047	0.052	0.006	0.006	0.009

Notes: Data from UKHLS 2019 and Covid module. Table reports grouped means of outcome variable, which is the individual change in standardized, seasonally-adjusted and inverted GHQ Likert score. Standard errors clustered at the primary sampling unit and presented in parentheses. The last column presents p-values testing the difference in female vs. male means. Covid survey weights used in all computations. ‘Symptoms’ comes from self-reported presence of symptoms since the onset of the pandemic. ‘Vulnerable’ takes value “yes” either if the individual has received an NHS letter requesting they should stay at home (‘shielded’) or the individual is pregnant. ‘Help’ is a self-report of whether the individual has received formal care and is measured twice in the Covid module, once for current help and once for help in 2019. Symptoms are vulnerable are reported for the Covid period only: we impose these variables as uniformly 0 in the pre-Covid period.

${}^{\ast }$$p<0.10$, ${}^{\ast \ast }$$p<0.05$, ${}^{\ast \ast \ast }$$p<0.01$.