Skip to main content
. 2022 Apr 18;27(7):10327–10347. doi: 10.1007/s10639-022-11042-3

Table 2.

Mean, SD, ME and F values of the psychological capital measures

Did not use Zoom
(n = 15)
Zoom users
(n = 20)
M SD M.E M SD M.E F p ηp²
Psychological coping resources
Hope 2.86 0.48 2.90 3.39 0.45 3.36 4.81* 0.036 0.13
Optimism 3.31 0.21 3.36 3.53 0.47 3.49 0.59 0.447 0.02
Resilience 3.03 0.33 3.11 3.14 0.48 3.07 0.06 0.814 0.00
Distress
Loneliness 2.44 0.29 2.36 2.29 0.43 2.36 0.00 0.997 0.00
Stress 2.17 0.64 2.25 2.65 0.62 2.58 1.41 0.245 0.04

*p< .05, ***p< .001