Table 4.
Patients features and peri-operative data (complications, surgery, blood loss).
| Author | Treatment (Open/MIS) | N° of patient | Primary lesion | Level of lesion | Operative time (min) | Blood loss (ml) | Instrumented levels | Decompression | Transfusions (n° of patients) | Length of stay (days) | Complications | Reinterventions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chi EJ (13) | OPIF | 29 | Liver (6) | T3 (1), T4 (2), T5 (4), T6 (3), T7 (2), T8 (2), T9 (4), T10 (4), T11 (5), T12 (5), L1 (7), L2 (6), L3 (4), L4 (3), L5 (2) | 181.47 ± 40.77 | 696.55 ± 519.43 | not specified (“one or two levels”) | yes | – | 25.35 ± 20.65 | 17.2%: | 5 |
| Lung (9) | 4 surgical site infection | |||||||||||
| Prostate (2) | 1 vertebral body oozing | |||||||||||
| Thyroid (1) | ||||||||||||
| Kidney (1) | ||||||||||||
| Breast (3) | ||||||||||||
| Gastrintestinal (2) | ||||||||||||
| Others (5) | ||||||||||||
| PPSF | 21 | Liver (4) | T3 (1), T4 (2), T5 (1), T6 (2), T7 (1), T8 (1), T9 (3), T10 (2), T11 (4), T12 (3), L1 (2), L2 (5), L3 (8), L4 (4), L5 (2) | 143.56 ± 49.44 | 116.67 ± 109.92 | not specified (“one ore two levels”) | no decompression | – | 11.90 ± 9.69 | 4%, 1 diplegia after surgery | 1 | |
| Lung (7) | ||||||||||||
| Prostate (2) | ||||||||||||
| Thyroid (2) | ||||||||||||
| Kidney (0) | ||||||||||||
| Breast (0) | ||||||||||||
| Gastrintestinal (5) | ||||||||||||
| Others (1) | ||||||||||||
| Zhu X (14) | OPIF | 105 | Breast (18), Lung (19), Kidney (8), Liver (12), Thyroid (4), Myeloma (4), Colorectal (4), Unknown (9), Prostate (4), Nasopharynx (5), Uterus (2), Other (16) | Thoracic (82), Lumbosacral (23) | 221.03 | 950.48 | minimum two levels above and below the lesion | yes | – | 9.94 | 10 Total, 2 Dural tears, 1 brain metastases, 0 Wound hematoma, 6 Wound infection, 1 Early death | – |
| PPSF | 49 | Breast (12), Lung (9), Kidney (7), Liver (2), Thyroid (3), Myeloma (3), Colorectal (1), Unknown (3), Prostate (2), Nasopharynx (3), Uterus (1), Other (3) | Thoracic (36), Lumbosacral (13) | 213.45 | 748.57 | minimum two levels above and below the lesion | yes | – | 7.35 | 3 Total, 1 Dural tears, 0 brain metastases, 1 Wound hematoma, 1 Wound infection, 0 Early death | – | |
| Morgen SS (15) | OPIF | 26 | Lung (6), Breast (7), Prostate (1), Unidentified (1), Renal (3), Pancreatic (0), Melanoma (1), Thyroid (1), Lymphoma (0), Other (3) | Thoracic (20), Lumbar (6) | 103 | 500 | Two levels above and two below | yes | – | – | 2 | 2 |
| PPSF | 23 | Lung (3), Breast (9), Prostate (4), Unidentified (4), Renal (2), Pancreatic (1), Lymphoma (3), | Thoracic (17, Lumbar (6) | 142 | 175 | Two levels above and two below | yes | – | – | 2 | 2 | |
| Saadeh YS ( 16 ) | OPIF | 20 | Breast (20), Colon (10), Lung (20), Melanoma (4) Renal (10), Squamous cell (10), Other (25) | Cervicothoracic (10), Thoracic (40), Thoracolumbar (20), Lumbar (30); | 266 | 1732 ± 359 | 5.7 ± 1.8 | yes | 50 | 8.3 ± 1.4 | 8 total (2 DVT, 1 PE, 2 Thrombocytopenia, 1 Wound complication, 1 Durotomy, 1 Mortality (30 day)) | 2 |
| PPSF | 20 | Breast (20), Colon (10), Lung (20), Melanoma (5), Renal (10), Squamous cell (10), Other (25) | Thoracic (40), Thoracolumbar (55), Lumbar (5) | 296 | 805 ± 138 | 6.2 ± 2.2 | yes | 30 | 8.3 ± 1.7 | 8 total (1 DVT, 0 PE, 2 Respiratory complication, 1 Wound complication, 1 Heart failure, 1 Acute kidney injury, 1 Durotomy, | 3 | |
| Hikata T (17) | OPIF | 25 | Lung (2), Thyroid (6), Breast (4), Kidney (3), Liver (3), Lymphoma (1), Rectus (1), Uterus (1), Larynx (1), Myeloma (1), Unknown (2) | Thoracic (18), Lumbosacral (7) | 188.9 ± 43.6 | 714.3 ± 545.9 | 8.1 +- 2.9 | yes | – | – | 7 Massive bleeding (>1000 mL), 2 Wound hematoma, 2 Neurological deficit | – |
| PPSF | 25 | Lung (7), Thyroid (2), Breast (3), Kidney (2), Liver (1), Prostate (4), Lymphoma (2), Rectus (1), Gastric (1), Rhabdomyosarcoma (1), Melanoma (1) | Thoracic (17), Lumbosacral (8) | 204.6 ± 55.4 | 340.1 ± 302.5 | 8.3 ± 2.4 | yes | – | – | 1 Massive bleeding (>1000 mL), 1 Wound hematoma, 1 Neurological deficit, | – | |
| Hansen-Algenstaedt N (18) | OPIF | 30 | Breast (4), Prostate (8), Lung (3), Thyroid (4), Renal (1), Gastrointestinal (1), Others (5) | – | 220.4 ± 57.9 | 2062.1 ± 1148.0 | 3.8 ± 1.7 | yes | 23 | 21.1 ± 10.8 | 3 Wound infection, 2 Dural tear, 3 Neurological, 2 Lung infection, 2 Urinary tract infection | – |
| PPSF | 30 | Breast (14), Prostate (3), Lung (5), Thyroid (1), Gastrointestinal (4), Others (3) | – | 190.9 ± 78.4 | 1156 ± 572.3 | 5.5 ± 3.1 | yes | 12 | 11.0 ± 5.0 | 2 Dural tear, 2 Neurological, 1 Lung infection, 2 Urinary tract infection | – | |
| Kumar N (19) | OPIF | 18 | Lung (5), Breast (5), Gastrointestinal (1), Prostate (5), HCC (1), Other (1) | – | 269 | 961 | – | yes | – | 13 | 16% | – |
| PPSF | 27 | Lung (7), Breast (3), Gastrointestinal (2), Renal (2), Prostate (1), Lymphoma (3), HCC (2), Others (3) | – | 253 | 184 | – | yes | – | 9 | 3% | – |
Open posterior instrumented fusion (OPIF) and Percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF), Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), Pulmonary Embolism (PE).