Table 2.
Clinical manifestations, site of involvement on imaging, duration of symptoms, and imaging reports plus the results of the multivariable logistic regression in cases who survived or died following cerebral mucormycosis
| Characteristics | Total n (%) N= 345 |
Survived n (%) N=209 |
Dead n (%) N=136 |
OR (95% Cl) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical manifestations | |||||
| Single | 98 (28.4) | 48 (35.1) | 50 (23.9) | 1.7 (1.1-2.7) | 0.028 |
| Auricular symptoms | 7 (2) | 3 (2.2) | 4 (1.9) | 1.1 (0.2-5.2) | 0.852 |
| Facial symptoms (including swelling, paresthesia, and pain) | 123 (35.6) | 45 (33.1) | 78 (37.3) | 0.8 (0.5-1.3) | 0.422 |
| Fever | 74 (21.4) | 26 (19.1) | 48 (23) | 0.4 (0.4-1.3) | 0.395 |
| Headache | 124 (35.9) | 49 (36.0) | 75 (35.9) | 1 (0.6-1.57) | 0.978 |
| Meningismus | 2 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 2 (1) | 1.6 (1.5-1.8) | 0.156 |
| Neurological symptoms | 142 (41) | 44 (32.4) | 98 (46.9) | 0.5 (0.3-0.8) | 0.007 |
| Nasal and oral cavities | 60 (17.3) | 26 (19.1) | 34 (16.3) | 1.2 (0.6-2.1) | 0.495 |
| Orbital symptom | 160 (46.3) | 69 (50.7) | 91 (43.5) | 1.3 (0.8-2) | 0.190 |
| Other clinical manifestations | 15 (4.3) | 7 (5.1) | 8 (3.8) | 1.3 (0.4-3.8) | 0.751 |
| Respiratory symptom | 20 (5.7) | 6 (4.4) | 14 (6.7) | 0.634 (0.2-1.7) | 0.366 |
| Seizure | 3 (0.8) | 2 (1.5) | 1 (0.5) | 3.1 (0.2-34.5) | 0.564 |
| Sites of involvement in radiographic imaging | |||||
| Basal gangelia | 36 (10.4) | 13 (9.6) | 23 (11) | 0.8 (0.4-1.7) | 0.668 |
| Bilateral | 6 (1.7) | 2 (1.5) | 4 (1.9) | 0.7 (0.81-4.2) | 0.758 |
| Cavernous Sinus | 20 (5.7) | 11 (8.1) | 9 (4.3) | 1.9 (0.7-4.8) | 0.142 |
| Cranial artery | 9 (2.6) | 1 (0.7) | 8 (3.8) | 0.1 (0.02-1.5) | 0.090 |
| Intra cranial artery | 11 (3.1) | 6 (4.4) | 5 (2.4) | 1.8 (0.5-6.2) | 0.297 |
| Mid brain and pons | 18 (5.2) | 3 (2.2) | 16 (7.7) | 0.2 (0.07-0.9) | 0.03 |
| Multiple cerebral lobes | 100 (28.9) | 40 (19.1) | 59 (13.3) | 1.7 (0.7-2.6) | 0.227 |
| Occipital | 17 (4.9) | 4 (1.9) | 13 (6.2) | 0.4 (0.1-1.4) | 0.209 |
| Parietal | 33 (9.5) | 11 (8.1) | 22 (10.5) | 0.7 (0.3-1.5) | 0.452 |
| Periventricular | 11 (3.1) | 6 (4.4) | 5 (2.4) | 1.8 (0.5-6.2) | 0.297 |
| Temporal | 54 (15.6) | 21 (15.4) | 32 (15.3) | 1.0 (0.5-1.8) | 0.974 |
| Others | 5 (1.4) | 3 (2.2) | 2 (1) | 2.3 (0.3-14.1) | 0.38 |
| Duration of symptoms | |||||
| ˂3 days | 27 (7.8) | 9 (6.6) | 18 (8.6) | 0.7 (0.3-1.7) | 0.545 |
| 3-7 days | 65 (18.8) | 21 (15.4) | 44 (21.1) | 0.6 (0.3-1.2) | 0.208 |
| 8-15 days | 42 (12.2) | 22 (16.2) | 20 (9.6) | 1.8 (0.9-3.4) | 0.09 |
| 16-30 days | 39 (11.3) | 17 (12.5) | 22 (10.5) | 1.2 (0.6-2.3) | 0.572 |
| ˃30 | 31 (9) | 12 (8.8) | 19 (9.1) | 0.6 (0.4-2) | 0.932 |
| Imaging report | |||||
| Abscess | 72 (20.9) | 38 (27.9) | 34 (16.3) | 1.9 (1.2-3.3) | 0.009 |
| Bleeding | 25 (7.2) | 0 (0) | 25 (12) | 1.7 (1.5-1.9) | 0.000 |
| Cerebritis | 3 (0.9) | 1 (0.7) | 2 (1) | 0.7 (0.06-8.5) | 0.827 |
| Enhancement without abcsess | 66 (19.1) | 31 (22.8) | 35 (16.7) | 1.4 (0.8-2.5) | 0.165 |
| Meningitis | 5 (1.4) | 2 (1.5) | 3 (1.4) | 1 (0.1-6.2) | 0.979 |
| Multiple | 53 (15.4) | 14 (10.3) | 39 (18.7) | 0.5 (0.2-0.9) | 0.04 |
| Necrosis | 53 (15.4) | 8 (5.9) | 45 (21.5) | 0.2 (0.1-0.5) | 0.000 |
| Nodule | 8 (2.3) | 5 (3.7) | 3 (1.4) | 2.6 (0.6-11.1) | 0.272 |