Table 3.
Handwashing social norm-related scales items distribution
| Scale items | Sample (%) N=201 |
Scale items | Sample (%) N=201 |
| Handwashing descriptive norms | Handwashing behaviour publicness | ||
| In your compound, except you, few people wash their hands with soap after using the toilet. | It is not easy to see the handwashing practices of compound residents, as there is no fixed place where everybody washes their hands in your compound. | ||
| Definitely true | 34 (16.9) | Definitely true | 29 (14.4) |
| True | 86 (42.8) | True | 95 (47.3) |
| Neither true nor untrue | 14 (7.0) | Neither true nor untrue | 12 (6.0) |
| Untrue | 52 (25.9) | Untrue | 60 (29.8) |
| Definitely untrue | 12 (6.0) | Definitely untrue | 4 (2.0) |
| Don’t know | 3 (1.49) | Don’t know | 1 (0.5) |
| You think that there are not many people who wash their hands with soap after using the toilet in your compound. | Knowing who practises handwashing in your compound requires a lot of effort, as each resident washes their hands anywhere and everywhere in your compound. | ||
| Definitely true | 26 (12.9) | Definitely true | 44 (21.9) |
| True | 100 (49.7) | True | 87 (43.3) |
| Neither true nor untrue | 14 (7.0) | Neither true nor untrue | 16 (8.0) |
| Untrue | 42 (20.9) | Untrue | 43 (21.4) |
| Definitely untrue | 15 (7.5) | Definitely untrue | 11 (5.5) |
| Don’t know | 4 (2.0) | ||
| Handwashing injunctive norms | Handwashing outcome expectations | ||
| Except you, few people see handwashing with soap after using the toilet as important in your compound. | In your compound, except you, people think that there is not enough time to wash hands with soap after using the toilet.* | ||
| Definitely true | 16 (8.0) | Definitely untrue | 18 (9.0) |
| True | 59 (29.3) | Untrue | 93 (46.3) |
| Neither true nor untrue | 15 (7.5) | Neither true nor untrue | 16 (8.0) |
| Untrue | 92 (45.8) | True | 55 (27.4) |
| Definitely untrue | 14 (7.0) | Definitely true | 17 (8.5) |
| Don’t know | 5 (2.5) | Don’t know | 2 (1.0) |
| The majority of people in your compound do not care about handwashing with soap after using the toilet. | Germs are not the reason why you wash your hands with soap, in general. | ||
| Definitely true | 35 (17.4) | Definitely true | 4 (2.0) |
| True | 63 (31.3) | True | 24 (11.9) |
| Neither true nor untrue | 19 (9.4) | Neither true nor untrue | 5 (2.5) |
| Untrue | 76 (37.8) | Untrue | 152 (75.6) |
| Definitely untrue | 6 (3.0) | Definitely untrue | 16 (8.0) |
| Don’t know | 2 (1.0) | ||
| Except you, handwashing with soap after using the toilet is not something that people from your compound think about. | You wash your hands with soap to remove dirt from your hands.* | ||
| Definitely true | 19 (9.4) | Definitely untrue | 1 (0.5) |
| True | 57 (28.4) | Untrue | 15 (7.5) |
| Neither true nor untrue | 24 (11.9) | Neither true nor untrue | 6 (3.0) |
| Untrue | 82 (40.8) | True | 161 (80.1) |
| Definitely untrue | 12 (6.0) | Definitely true | 18 (9.0) |
| Don’t know | 7 (3.5) |
*Item reverse scored.