Table 4. Performance of the radiological models and FS in the primary and validation cohorts.

Cohorts	AUC (95% CI)	Accuracy	Sensitivity	Specificity
Primary cohort
Qualitative	0.854 (0.790–0.905)	0.819	0.844	0.802
Quantitative	0.803 (0.733–0.862)	0.756	0.672	0.812
Combined qualitative and quantitative	0.873 (0.811–0.920)	0.831	0.844	0.823
FS diagnosis	0.870 (0.808–0.918)	0.875	0.844	0.896
Validation cohort
Qualitative	0.884 (0.778–0.951)	0.857	0.917	0.821
Quantitative	0.855 (0.744–0.931)	0.810	0.625	0.923
Combined qualitative and quantitative	0.875 (0.767–0.945)	0.889	0.917	0.872
FS diagnosis	0.946 (0.858–0.987)	0.952	0.917	0.974

FS, frozen section; AUC, area under curve; CI, confidence interval.