Table 2. Characteristics, conventional Doppler and TDI Doppler in healthy controls (HC) and normal-weight Turner syndrome patients (TS).
| Variables | HC (n=19) | Normal-weight TS (n=16) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 18.09±7.84 | 14.03±5.46 | 0.09 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 76.53±15.65 | 92.88±16.66 | 0.005** |
| Weight (kg) | 54.69±9.07 | 39.73±16.58 | 0.002** |
| Height (cm) | 164 (142/176) | 148 (100/163) | ≤0.001*** |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 20.34±2.26 | 19.33±3.76 | 0.33 |
| BSA (m2) | 1.57±0.16 | 1.22±0.35 | 0.001*** |
| SBP (mmHg) | 116.68±8.24 | 114.88±17.45 | 0.69 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 69.89±9.38 | 69.56±13.35 | 0.93 |
| Abdominal aortic strain (%) | 15.32±4.78 | 13.07±4.95 | 0.198 |
| LV filling time/√RR interval | 15.16±5.07 | 11.67±2.55 | 0.018* |
| ICT/√RR interval | 1.64±0.88 | 1.46±0.59 | 0.488 |
| IVRT/√RR interval | 1.41±0.85 | 1.3±0.64 | 0.68 |
| Tei-index | 0.28±0.090 | 0.25±0.10 | 0.36 |
| MV early peak velocity (cm/sec) | 87.37±12.05 | 95.06±14.41 | 0.095 |
| MV atrial peak velocity (cm/sec) | 49.49±16.36 | 59.81±13.53 | 0.053 |
| E/A ratio | 1.75±0.43 | 1.63±0.29 | 0.344 |
| E/E´ ratio | 6.38±1.03 | 7.13±1.29 | 0.099 |
BMI, body mass index; BSA, body surface area; SBP, systolic brachial blood pressure; DBP, diastolic brachial blood pressure; ICT, isovolumetric contraction time; IVRT, isovolumetric relaxation time; E/E´, pulsed MV early peak velocity to pulsed TDI (early diastolic myocardial velocities at the basal segment of the interventricular septum). Mean ± standard deviation is used for normally distributed variables and median (minimum/maximum) for non-normally distributed variables. *P value ≤0.05; **P value ≤0.01; ***P value ≤0.001.