Figure 2.

Vitamin B₁ contents quantified by yeast assay. Leaves (A), unpolished seeds (B), and polished seeds (C) in rice accessions grown under greenhouse conditions and quantified by yeast assay. Twenty-one accessions cultivated in experiment 1 were re-sown, alongside 10 additional accessions from the Oryza SNP Project. The accessions with vitamin B₁ content below the 25th percentile of the distribution were considered as low vitamin B₁ accessions and those with vitamin content above the 75th percentile were considered as high vitamin B₁ accessions. Low, intermediate, and high vitamin B₁ accessions selected for HPLC analysis are in bold. Data are mean ± SD of 3 biological replicates, except Nipponbare (n = 6), IR64 (n = 6) and TP309 (n = 6) for the three tissues; IR64-21 (n = 2) for leaves; Nipponbare and IR-64-21 are n = 2 for unpolished seeds; and Nipponbare (n = 2), IR64-21 (n = 2) and Phulpata (n = 0) for polished seeds. The effect of accession on total vitamin B₁ contents in panels (A–C) was determined by one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05) with multiple comparisons and Tukey’s post-hoc test. Statistically significant differences between accessions are denoted by different letters.