Table 3.
Knowledge and attitudes of cervical cancer and screening among interviewed participants by screening status
| Variables | All n = 323 | Screened n = 157 | Not screened n = 166 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participated in education module on HPV and cervical cancer at CHC, n (%) | 252 (78.0) | 125 (79.6) | 127 (76.5) | 0.505 |
| Understood education about cervical cancer provided at CHC, n (%) | 247 (98.0) | 121 (96.8) | 126 (99.2) | 0.211 |
| Composite score of knowledge assessment survey*, mean (SD) | 3.94 (1.21) | 3.92 (1.22) | 3.97 (1.19) | 0.696 |
| Knowledge of HPV and Cervical Cancer** | 0.464 | |||
| Women who have HPV are at higher risk for developing cervical cancer in the future, but do not have cervical cancer now, n (%) | 266 (82.4) | 127 (80.9) | 139 (83.7) | |
| Having HPV means a woman has cervical cancer, n (%) | 45 (13.9) | 22 (14.0) | 23 (13.9) | |
| Did not respond, n (%) | 12 (3.7) | 8 (5.1) | 4 (2.4) | |
| Knowledge of HPV and Fertility** | 0.023 | |||
| Testing positive for HPV does not mean I cannot bear children | 238 (73.7) | 110 (70.1) | 128 (77.1) | |
| If I test positive for HPV, I cannot bear children, n (%) | 54 (16.7) | 35 (22.3) | 19 (11.5) | |
| Did not respond, n (%) | 31 (9.6) | 12 (7.6) | 19 (11.5) | |
| Knowledge of Risk Factors about Family Planning** | 0.719 | |||
| Family planning methods do not increase women’s risk for HPV, n (%) | 227 (70.3) | 108 (68.8) | 119 (71.7) | |
| Family planning methods increase women’s risk for HPV, n (%) | 52 (16.1) | 28 (17.8) | 24 (14.5) | |
| Did not respond, n (%) | 44 (13.6) | 21 (13.4) | 23 (13.9) | |
| Knowledge of Risk Factors about Condom Use** | 0.082 | |||
| If I test HPV negative I can prevent infection by using a condom, n (%) | 259 (80.2) | 134 (83.4) | 125 (75.3) | |
| If I test HPV negative I can prevent infection by washing, n (%) | 38 (11.8) | 14 (8.9) | 24 (14.5) | |
| Did not respond, n (%) | 26 (8.1) | 9 (5.7) | 17 (10.2) | |
| Knowledge of Local Healthcare Facilities** | < 0.001 | |||
| There are places in Kisumu where I can get a safe and easy treatment for HPV if I test positive, n (%) | 284 (87.9) | 136 (86.6) | 148 (89.2) | |
| There is no treatment if I test positive for HPV, n (%) | 23 (7.1) | 19 (12.1) | 4 (2.4) | |
| Did not respond, n (%) | 16 (5.0) | 2 (1.3) | 14 (8.4) | |
| Prefer to have a cervical cancer-specific campaign, n (%) | 214 (66.3) | 90 (57.3) | 124 (74.7) | 0.001 |
*Score = 0 if participant answered incorrectly or did not know the answer; score = 1 if participant answered correctly
**Participants were asked to identify a true statement out of the two statements listed per topic