Table 4.

Data sources and analysis used to assess each of the four strategies

Strategy	Data source	Data analysed
Strategy 1: Simple and adaptable intervention	Routine facility data from 59 health facility learning sites in Pakistan, 18 in Nepal and 15 in Bangladesh	Proportion of drug-sensitive TB patients asked and advised about tobacco
	Interviews with TB health workers, managers, policy-makers (Bangladesh n = 12; Nepal n = 13; Pakistan n = 19)	Interview transcripts coded according to CFIR constructs and aligned to ExpandNet steps
	Researcher observations in 10 facilities in Pakistan, 18 in Nepal, 15 in Bangladesh	Facility observation reports to understand extent and nature of implementation
Strategy 2: Integration of cessation within routine training	Pre- and post-training questionnaires of TB health workers (169)	Significant changes in confidence to offer cessation support between pre- and post-training questionnaires
	Training observation reports	Number of trainers trained Any subsequent training provided to TB health workers in the learning sites or beyond
Strategy 3: Including tobacco use in recording, monitoring and supervision	Routine facility data from 59 health facility learning sites and observation of 10 in Pakistan. Routine data and observations from 18 facilities in Nepal and 15 in Bangladesh	Proportion of tobacco status, and advised columns completed appropriately
	Interviews with TB health workers, managers, policy-makers (Bangladesh n = 12; Nepal n = 13; Pakistan n = 19)	Interview transcripts coded according to CFIR constructs and aligned to ExpandNet steps
Strategy 4: Embedding research within the TB programmes	Cost data: salaries, fees, time taken in intervention activities, printing and disseminating materials; number of intervention sessions delivered	Activity-based cost analysis
	Interviews with TB health workers, managers and policy-makers (Bangladesh n = 12; Nepal n = 13; Pakistan n = 19)	Interview transcripts coded according to CFIR constructs and aligned to ExpandNet steps
	Reflections of the research team	Research team reflections aligned to ExpandNet steps