Figure 4.

Naming-related high gamma augmentation and ESM. (A) The spatial distribution of auditory naming-related high gamma augmentation during each 600-ms analysis period of interest: a, post-sentence onset; b, pre-sentence offset; c, post-sentence offset and d, pre-response onset. (B) The distribution of picture naming-related high gamma augmentation: e, post-stimulus onset; f, pre-response onset. (C) The spatial distribution of the probability of ESM-induced symptoms, including receptive aphasia, auditory expressive aphasia, visual expressive aphasia and speech arrest. (D) The bar charts show the strength of correlation between modality-specific high gamma augmentation (at sites with a z-score of ≥2) and the probability of each ESM-induced symptom. *Positive correlation with a Bonferroni-adjusted P < 0.05.