Table 5.

Confirmatory Factor Analysis Results for the Trust in Doctors in General (T-DiG) Scale Using Full Sample (n=801)^a

Latent Variable	Factor/Item Name and Descriptionb	Factor Loadingc	Standard Error	Scale Reliabilityd
Trust in Doctors in General (T-DiG)	Communication Competency	0.95	0.007	0.89
	Fidelity	0.79	0.015
	Systems Trust	0.74	0.017
	Confidentiality	0.84	0.012
	Fairness	0.88	0.010
	Stigma-based Discrimination	0.51	0.025
	Global Trust	0.87	0.011
Communication Competency	Doctors have good judgment (Thom et al., 1999)	0.86	0.012	0.87
	Doctors explain the benefits and risks of treatments to patients.	0.82	0.013
	Doctors listen to patients (Bova et al., 2006)	0.85	0.011
	Doctors believe patients when they say something is wrong	0.78	0.015
	Doctors follow up with patients when needed	0.82	0.013
Fidelitye	Doctors put making money above patient needs (Shea et al., 2008)	0.79	0.017	0.85
	Doctors recommend expensive treatments to make money	0.82	0.015
	Doctors hide mistakes (Rose et al., 2004)	0.82	0.017
	Doctors might experiment on patients without their knowledge (Shea et al., 2008)	0.72	0.021
	Doctors rush through appointments	0.73	0.021
Systems Trust	Doctors are held accountable if they make a mistake	0.88	0.010	0.92
	Doctors are held accountable if they treat patients unfairly	0.94	0.006
	Doctors are held accountable if they discriminate against patients	0.94	0.008
Confidentiality	Doctors keep medical records private (LaVeist et al., 2009; Rose et al., 2004)	0.88	0.011	0.88
	Doctors use secure systems to store medical records	0.86	0.011
	Doctors respect patient privacy	0.93	0.009
Fairness	Doctors treat patients fairly, regardless of their ability to pay	0.79	0.014	0.93
	Doctors treat patients of all races and ethnicities fairly (Shea et al., 2008)	0.90	0.008
	Doctors treat patients fairly, regardless of their gender (e.g., male, female, or nonbinary)	0.89	0.008
	Doctors treat patients fairly, regardless of their sexual orientation (e.g., straight, gay, lesbian, or bisexual)	0.88	0.009
	Doctors treat patients fairly, regardless of their weight	0.88	0.010
	Doctors treat patients fairly, regardless of their religion	0.89	0.010
	Doctors treat patients fairly, regardless of their education level	0.88	0.009
Stigma-Based Discriminatione	Doctors treat patients with a history of mental illness unfairly	0.70	0.026	0.74
	Doctors treat patients diagnosed with HIV unfairly	0.81	0.027
	Doctors treat patients who abuse drugs unfairly	0.72	0.025
Global Trust	All things considered, I trust doctors (Safran et al., 1998)	0.95	0.006	0.92
	I put my trust in doctors (Carver et al., 1989)	0.92	0.007
	Doctors are trustworthy	0.91	0.009

^aModel Fit: χ2(370) = 1362.34, p<0.001; RMSEA = 0.058, 90% CI: 0.055 – 0.061; CFI = 0.98; SRMR = 0.03

^bCitations depict items that were adapted from existing scales

^cAll factor loadings are standardized and significant at p<0.001

^dReliability for the second order model of the T-DiG scale was calculated using an approach described by Raykov and colleagues (2018); reliability for the unidimensional subscales was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha

^eItems in this domain/factor are reverse coded