Table 3.

Challenges for Student Engagement: Category Definitions, Example Quotes, and Prevalence

Challenges of the Hybrid Learning Environment
Category	Category Definition	Example Quotes	Prevalence
Challenges with Internet or other Communications Technology Negatively Impacted Engagement	This code was applied when students described a technical difficulty that affected their engagement in a class session or sessions.	“Occasionally my internet would go out making it difficult for me to catch up when I got logged on again.” “If I had issues with wifi there was nothing I could do.” “Sometimes we were not able to be in our groups because of technical difficulties.”	Coded 25 times
A Sense of Dislocation and/or Isolation Made it Harder to Engage in the Learning Process	This code was applied when students expressed a perspective that dislocation and/or isolation from the in-person class sessions made engaging in the learning process more challenging.	“The main challenge was not being able to talk to my group in-person.” “It is hard to not be able to walk up to the professor and ask questions.” “Not being in-class in person is just difficult. It is hard to focus.”	Coded 22 times