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. 2022 Mar 11;12(4):e2544. doi: 10.1002/brb3.2544

TABLE 3.

Trim and fill analysis and leave‐one‐out analysis

SMD (95% CI) p
Trim and fill analysis Trials (n) Before adjusted After adjusted Before adjusted After adjusted Adjusted studies
BDNF, ng/ml (Long‐term effect) 17 0.68 (0.27, 1.08) Unchanged .001 Unchanged
Sample size > 20 11 0.93 (0.34, 1.52) Unchanged .002 Unchanged
Age ≥ 60 years 11 0.95 (0.35, 1.55) 0.80 (0.17, 1.44) .002 .014 3
BMI ≥ 25 8 0.65 (0.07, 1.24) Unchanged .029 Unchanged
Aerobic exercise 15 0.86 (0.37, 1.36) Unchanged .001 Unchanged
SMD (95% CI) P
Leave‐one‐out cross validation Trials (n) Before adjusted After adjusted Before adjusted After adjusted Omitted studies
BDNF, ng/ml (Acute effect) 5 1.20 (0.36, 2.04) 0.60 (0.32, 0.88) .005 <.001 1
BDNF, ng/ml (Long‐term effect) 17 0.68 (0.27, 1.08) 0.38 (0.13, 0.62) .001 .003 7

Note: Significant p‐values are highlighted in bold prints.

Abbreviations: BDNF, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval.