Table 1.

Mutational pattern and T‐index of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants delta and omicron

Variant	Mutations—NTD	Mutations—RBD	Mutations—rod	T‐index	I‐index
Delta B.1.617.2	T19R T95I G142D ∆E156 ∆F157 R158G	L452R T478K	D614G P681R D950N	10.81	3.10
Omicron B.1.1.529	A67V ∆H69 ∆V70 T95I G142D ∆V143 ∆Y144 ∆Y145 ∆N211 L212I +214EPE	G339D S371L S373P S375F K417N N440K G446S S477N T478K E484A Q493R G469S Q498R N501Y Y505H T547K	D614G H655Y N679K P681H N764K D796Y N856K N954K N969K L981F	3.90	5.80

Note: Transmissibility index (T‐index) is calculated as follows (details previously published in ref. ³ for alpha, beta, gamma, and delta variants):

T‐index = ΔG_mut/ΔG_{wt [NTD‐ganglioside]} × ΔG_mut/ΔG_{wt [RBD‐ACE‐2]} × [Surface Potential]_NTD × [Surface Potential]_RBD

For omicron: T‐index = 0.83 × 0.77 × 1.24 × 4.93 = 3.90

The immune‐escape index (I‐index) is calculated as described in ref. ⁴

I‐index = 1/2 (∆G_wt/∆G_mut (RBD‐nAb) + ∆G_wt/∆G_mut (NTD‐nAb)). The I‐index of the original original 20B strain is equal to 1.

Abbreviations: NTD, N‐terminal domain; RBD, receptor‐binding domain.