TABLE 3.
Characteristics of the patients according to the evolution of the wound (Improvement of the SINBAD score)
| Improvement (n = 11) | Deterioration or no improvement (n = 14) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 69.9 (55.7–80.6) | 69.6 (63.6–74.7) | 0.64 |
| Gender, male, n (%) | 8 (72.7) | 12 (85.7) | 0.62 |
| BMI (kg/m2), median (IQR) | 28.4 (25.3–30.6) | 29.4 (24.7–34.0) | 0.97 |
| HbA1c (%), median (IQR) | 8.7 (7.5–9.0) | 7.35 (6.9–8.4) | 0.45 |
| eGFR ml/min/1.73 m2, median (IQR) | 63.0 (51.0–76.0) | 56.0 (24.0–65.0) | 0.45 |
| Diabetes type, n (%) | 0.04 | ||
| Type 1 | 3 (12.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Type 2 | 8 (32.0) | 12 (48.0) | |
| Other | 0 (0.0) | 2 (8.0) | |
| Diabetes duration (years), median (IQR) | 24.0 (20.0–35.0) | 26.0 (15.0–34.0) | 0.74 |
| Insulin, n (%) | 8 (72.7) | 11 (78.6) | 1 |
| History of ulcer, n (%) | 8 (72.7) | 12 (85.7) | 0.62 |
| History of amputation, n (%) | 6 (54.5) | 3 (21.4) | 0.12 |
| Tobacco (n = 23) | 0.14 | ||
| Weaned | 2 (20.0) | 6 (46.2) | |
| Active | 2 (20.0) | 5 (38.5) | |
| Alcohol | 5 (45.5) | 8 (57.1) | 0.54 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 9 (81.8) | 13 (92.9) | 0.56 |
| Ischaemic heart disease (n = 22) | 6 (60.0) | 8 (66.7) | 1 |
| SINBAD score | |||
| Ulcer site, n (%) | 0.41 | ||
| Forefoot | 8 (72.7) | 7 (50.0) | |
| Upper | 3 (27.27) | 7 (50.0) | |
| Pedal blood flow intact, at least one palpable pulse, n (%) | 5 (45.45) | 8 (57.14) | 0.85 |
| Protective sensation intact, n (%) | 1 (9.1) | 10 (71.4) | 0.004 |
| Bacterial infection, n (%) | 4 (27.3) | 5 (35.7) | 1 |
| Ulcer ≥1 cm2, n (%) | 2 (18.2) | 5 (35.7) | 0.41 |
| Ulcer reaching muscle, tendon, or deeper, n (%) | 2 (18.2) | 1 (7.1) | 0.56 |
| Exposed bone | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.14) | 1 |
| Off‐loading footwear, n (%) | |||
| Used | 8 (72.7) | 5 (35.7) | 0.11 |
| Driving, n (%) | 4 (36.4) | 5 (42.9) | 1 |
| Daily walking time (hours), median (IQR) | 1 (0.5; 2) | 0.75 (0–1.5) | 0.39 |
| People living alone, n (%) | 3 (27.3) | 4 (28.6) | 1 |
| Professional activity, n (%) | 3 (27.3) | 2 (14.3) | 0.62 |
| Assistance at home, n (%) | 0.31 | ||
| None | 3 (27.3) | 4 (28.6) | |
| Family | 2 (18.2) | 6 (42.9) | |
| Life assistant | 6 (54.6) | 4 (28.6) | |
| Help with household errands, n (%) | 4 (36.4) | 3 (21.4) | 0.66 |
| Help with cooking, n (%) | 6 (54.6) | 7 (50.0) | 1 |
| Help with cleaning, n (%) | 6 (54.6) | 3 (21.4) | 0.11 |