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Schematic representation of the KEAP1/NRF2 complex. Under normal conditions, NRF2 undergoes ubiquitination by the CUL3 E3 ligase complex. Polyubiquitination marks the protein for degradation via the proteasome. In case of oxidative stress or chemical modification of specific cysteine residues in the BTB domain of KEAP1, NRF2 ubiquitination is prevented. NRF2 accumulation leads to induced binding to antioxidant response elements (ARE) and subsequent gene transcription.
