Table 1.
Comparison of laboratory parameters in the study population
| Variables | Mild disease (mean ± SD) | Severe disease (mean ± SD) | Healthy controls (mean ± SD) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 36 ± 8.4 | 37.8 ± 8.2 | 35 ± 8.7 | 0.18 |
| Male | 30 (50%) | 38 (63%) | 31 (52%) | ‐ |
| Female | 30 (50%) | 22 (37%) | 29 (48%) | ‐ |
| Fever | 26.7% | 81.7 | 0 | <0.001 |
| Cough | 13.3% | 60% | 0 | 0.01 |
| Fatigue | 45% | 55% | 0 | 0.15 |
| Myalgia | 13.3% | 23.3% | 0 | 0.10 |
| Diarrhea | 8.3% | 25% | 0 | 0.06 |
| Shortness of breath | 8% | 43.3% | 0 | <0.001 |
| WBC (/µl) | 8230 ± 840 | 11600 ± 2630 | 5920 ± 1030 | <0.001 |
| RBC (/µl) | 4.9 * 106 ± 0.3 | 4.6 * 106 ± 0.4 | 4.9 * 106 ± 0.3 | 0.71 |
| Neutrophils (%) | 68.7 ± 7 | 82 ± 6.8 | 68 ± 6.2 | <0.001 |
| Lymphocytes (%) | 30.3 ± 6.7 | 15 ± 6.9 | 30.6 ± 6.3 | <0.001 |
| NLR (%) | 2.43 ± 0.81 | 8.3 ± 7.2 | 2.36 ± 0.76 | <0.001 |
| ESR | 26 ± 6.7 | 69 ± 30 | 5.75 ± 3.1 | <0.001 |
| CRP (mg/l) | 7.7 ± 1.3 | 89 ± 40 | 2.5 ± 0.97 | <0.001 |
| Hb (g/dl) | 13.01 ± 1 | 12.7 ± 1.3 | 13.1 ± 1.4 | 0.24 |
| HCT (%) | 39.4 ± 2.8 | 38.6 ± 4.3 | 39.6 ± 4.4 | 0.31 |
| PLT (/µl) | 279 * 103 ± 37 | 210 * 103 ± 42 | 258 * 103 ± 40 | 0.05 |
| PH | 7.34 ± 0.01 | 7.37 ± 0.02 | 7.34 ± 0.01 | 0.06 |
| PO2 (mmHg) | 88.1 ± 4.5 | 59.4 ± 10 | 90.2 ± 5.5 | <0.001 |
| PCO2 (mmHg) | 40.2 ± 3 | 52.4 ± 14 | 39.5 ± 2.8 | 0.05 |
| SaO2 (%) | 93.4 ± 1.3 | 66.7 ± 14.5 | 97 ± 1.4 | 0.01 |
| Na (meq/l) | 138 ± 5 | 138 ± 4.5 | 140 ± 3.4 | 0.64 |
| K (meq/l) | 4.3 ± 0.43 | 3.9 ± 0.3 | 4 ± 0.37 | 0.53 |
| Ca (mg/dl) | 9 ± 0.5 | 8.6 ± 0.5 | 9.3 ± 0.4 | 0.01 |
| BS (mg/dl) | 85 ± 11 | 100 ± 30 | 84 ± 5.8 | 0.96 |
| BUN (mg/dl) | 31 ± 7 | 35 ± 14 | 26 ± 6.8 | 0.71 |
| Cr (mg/dl) | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.26 | 0.85 ± 0.34 | 0.34 |
| AST (u/l) | 25 ± 8 | 35 ± 11 | 22 ± 8.3 | 0.21 |
| ALT (u/l) | 26 ± 8 | 32 ± 10 | 25 ± 8.5 | 0.62 |
| LDH (u/l) | 297 ± 53 | 500 ± 300 | 244 ± 42 | 0.05 |
| PT (second) | 13 ± 0.28 | 14 ± 1.4 | 12.8 ± 0.36 | 0.65 |
| PTT (second) | 31 ± 4 | 35 ± 9 | 30 ± 4.3 | 0.61 |
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; CRP, c‐reactive protein; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; HCT, hematocrit; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; NLR, neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio; PLT, platelet; PT, prothrombin time; PTT, partial thromboplastin time.