Table I.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of pediatric household members, California and Colorado, January to April 2021 (n = 151)
| Characteristics | Pediatric primary cases (n = 36), n (%) | Pediatric secondary cases (n = 61), n (%) | Uninfected pediatric household contacts (n = 54), n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | |||
| <5 | 6 (17) | 9 (15) | 8 (15) |
| 5-11 | 8 (22) | 25 (41) | 17 (31) |
| 12-17 | 22 (61) | 27 (44) | 29 (54) |
| Median (IQR) | 13 (7-15) | 11 (6-14) | 12 (7-15) |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 20 (56) | 33 (54) | 23 (43) |
| Female | 16 (44) | 28 (46) | 31 (57) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 24 (67) | 26 (43) | 31 (57) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1 (3) | 2 (3) | 3 (6) |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 0 (0) | 8 (13) | 3 (6) |
| Non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native | 0 (0) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) |
| Non-Hispanic Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 3 (6) |
| Non-Hispanic other∗ | 5 (14) | 3 (5) | 5 (9) |
| Hispanic (any race) | 5 (14) | 20 (33) | 9 (17) |
| Underlying medical conditions | |||
| Any medical condition | 6 (17) | 11 (18) | 15 (28) |
| Chronic lung disease (including asthma) | 2 (6) | 7 (11) | 10 (19) |
| Cardiovascular condition | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) |
| Immunocompromising condition | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | 2 (4) |
| Other chronic condition† | 4 (11) | 5 (8) | 7 (13) |
| Vaccination status‡ | |||
| Fully vaccinated | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Partially vaccinated | 2 (6) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) |
| Not vaccinated | 34 (94) | 59 (97) | 54 (100) |
These individuals either identified as Non-Hispanic Black, Asian, American Indian/Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, belonging to a race/ethnicity not listed on the questionnaire or belonging to multiple races/ethnicities. Individuals were grouped together for analysis to increase power of analysis.
Other chronic conditions included hypothyroidism (1), neurological condition (3), anxiety/depression (3), attention deficit disorder (1), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (6), allergies (1), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (1), and celiac disease (1).
Individuals were considered fully vaccinated ≥14 days after completion of all recommended doses of an US Food and Drug Administration-authorized COVID-19 vaccine, partially vaccinated if <14 days since completing the primary series or did not complete the series, and unvaccinated if no COVID-19 vaccine was received.