Table 1.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria of the scoping review.

Level	Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria
Population	The study focuses on the geographical community level or above (regional or national)	The study population consists of veterans, armed forces, prisoners, inmates, refugees, or asylum seekers
Intervention	The paper describes a concrete DiPHIa; the DiPHI is paid or reimbursed by the government or health insurance; the intervention uses the internet and/or Bluetooth to facilitate health care, allows communication between providers or providers and patients, promotes its users’ health, reuses the collected data for public health research, or enables digital surveillance of public health disasters	The paper offers a framework or overview of an intervention type but does not describe a concrete intervention in detail; the intervention does not use the internet, does not address public health functions, or needs to be privately bought by the user without reimbursement by the government or health insurance (ie, interventions for the private market); the intervention uses SMS text messaging or regular phone calls; the intervention focuses on background management processes; the described intervention does not match our definition of digital public health; the intervention targets only the individual user but not a group of people; the digital public health intervention is not the central research object of the publication
Study design	All original peer-reviewed studies, reports, books, book chapters, or peer-reviewed conference papers that have a description of a DiPHI as their primary intervention component	Study protocols, editorials, commentaries, conference proceedings, or reviews (narrative reviews, scoping reviews, systematic reviews, or meta-analyses); not peer-reviewed conference papers or original studies
Accessibility	The paper is available on the internet or after contact with the authors	The full text is not available on the internet or after contact with the authors
Language	The paper is published in English, Chinese, or German	The paper is published in a language other than English, Chinese, or German

^aDiPHI: digital public health intervention.