Table 1.
Demographic characteristics, vital signs, and clinical events of patient cohorts (N=1432).
| Variables | Alive at 30 days (n=809) | Dead at 30 days (n=623) | P value | |
| Sex (male), n (%) | 587 (72.6%) | 463 (74.6%) | .18 | |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 75.0 (4.2) | 76.5 (4.8) | <.001 | |
| Weight (kg), mean (SD) | 81.3 (14.7) | 81.0 (14.8) | .42 | |
| Height (cm), mean (SD) | 169.7 (10.7) | 169.8 (10.5) | .06 | |
| BMI (kg/m²), mean (SD) | 28.5 (6.5) | 28.4 (5.7) | .02 | |
| Hospital stay prior to ICUa admission (days), mean (SD) | 3.8 (5.7) | 3.5 (6.3) | .002 | |
| Symptoms prior to hospital admission (days), mean (SD) | 7.2 (5.2) | 6.6 (4.5) | .10 | |
| PaO2b (mmHg), mean (SD) | 87.3 (44.2) | 84.3 (57.5) | .003 | |
| FiO2c (%), mean (SD) | 62.3 (31.0) | 73.0 (24.0) | <.001 | |
| SOFAd score (points), mean (SD) | 5.2 (3.0) | 6.7 (3.4) | <.001 | |
| ICU treatment and outcome | ||||
|
|
Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 561 (69.3) | 510 (81.9) | <.001 |
|
|
Vasopressors, n (%) | 525 (64.9) | 515 (82.7) | <.001 |
|
|
Prone positioning, n (%) | 309 (38.2) | 279 (44.8) | .10 |
|
|
Tracheostomy, n (%) | 227 (28.1) | 64 (10.3) | <.001 |
|
|
Noninvasive ventilation, n (%) | 169 (20.9) | 119 (19.1) | .32 |
|
|
Renal replacement therapy, n (%) | 121 (15.0) | 119 (19.1) | .01 |
|
|
Length of ICU stay (days), mean (SD) | 21.6 (18.2) | 10.6 (7.6) | <.001 |
| Preexisting comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
|
|
Diabetes mellitus | 268 (33.1) | 240 (38.5) | .01 |
|
|
Ischemic heart disease | 151 (18.7) | 152 (24.4) | .007 |
|
|
Chronic renal insufficiency | 91 (11.2) | 130 (20.9) | <.001 |
|
|
Arterial hypertension | 527 (65.1) | 431 (69.2) | .03 |
|
|
Pulmonary disease | 175 (21.6) | 145 (23.3) | .07 |
|
|
Chronic heart failure | 98 (12.1) | 103 (16.5) | .01 |
aICU: intensive care unit.
bPaO2: partial oxygen pressure.
cFiO2: fraction of inspired oxygen.
dSOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.