Table 2.
Predictors of 30-Day Readmission in Univariable and Multivariable Modelsa
| Factor | Model |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariable |
Multivariable |
Final Multivariable |
||||
| OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | |
| Age range, yr | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| <55 | Reference | …b | … | |||
|
| ||||||
| 55–64 | 1.2 (0.6–2.3) | 0.56 | … | … | ||
|
| ||||||
| 65–74 | 1.1 (0.6–2.1) | 0.76 | … | … | ||
|
| ||||||
| ≥75 | 1.3 (0.7–2.4) | 0.48 | … | … | ||
|
| ||||||
| Sex | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Female | Reference | … | … | |||
|
| ||||||
| Male | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 0.60 | … | … | ||
|
| ||||||
| Health insurance status | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Private | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
|
| ||||||
| None | 2.2 (1.0–4.6) | 0.04 | 1.8 (0.8–3.9) | 0.14 | 1.9 (0.9–4.1) | 0.11 |
|
| ||||||
| Publicc | 3.2 (1.6–6.4) | 0.001 | 2.4 (1.2–5.0) | 0.02 | 2.5 (1.3–5.2) | 0.01 |
|
| ||||||
| No. medications at discharge | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| <10 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
|
| ||||||
| ≥10 | 1.8 (1.1–2.8) | 0.01 | 1.4 (0.8–2.3) | 0.18 | 1.5 (0.9–2.4) | 0.16 |
|
| ||||||
| No. chronic conditions at discharge | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| <6 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
|
| ||||||
| ≥6 | 2.6 (1.6–4.3) | <0.001 | 1.9 (1.1–3.4) | 0.02 | 2.1 (1.2–3.6) | 0.01 |
|
| ||||||
| CMS-designated high-risk condition presentd | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| No | Reference | Reference | … | |||
|
| ||||||
| Yes | 1.6 (0.8–3.2) | 0.17 | 1.2 (0.6–2.5) | 0.58 | … | |
|
| ||||||
| ICU use during index hospitalization | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| No | Reference | Reference | … | |||
|
| ||||||
| Yes | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | 0.16 | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 0.43 | … | |
|
| ||||||
| Time spent by pharmacist on patient’s care, mine | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| <45 | Reference | … | … | |||
|
| ||||||
| 45 to <130 | 0.9 (0.5–1.5) | 0.68 | … | … | ||
|
| ||||||
| ≥130 | 1.3 (0.7–2.5) | 0.48 | … | … | ||
|
| ||||||
| Prescriber contacted by pharmacist about patient’s medications | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| No | Reference | Reference | … | |||
|
| ||||||
| Yes | 1.4 (0.9–2.1) | 0.18 | 1.1 (0.7–1.8) | 0.61 | … | |
|
| ||||||
| Patient filled medications at onsite pharmacy upon discharge | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| No | Reference | … | … | |||
|
| ||||||
| Yes | 1.3 (0.6–2.9) | 0.53 | … | … | ||
|
| ||||||
| No. medication-related problems identified by pharmacist | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| 0 | Reference | … | … | |||
|
| ||||||
| 1 | 1.0 (0.5–1.8) | 0.95 | … | … | ||
|
| ||||||
| ≥2 | 0.6 (0.3–1.4) | 0.23 | … | … | ||
|
| ||||||
| Any serious medication-related problem identified by pharmacist | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| No | Reference | … | … | |||
|
| ||||||
| Yes | 2.9 (0.5–16.2) | 0.22 | … | … | ||
a
OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval, CMS = Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, ICU = intensive care unit.
b
Not evaluated.
c
Public health insurance includes Medicare, Medicaid, or a combination of both.
d
High-risk conditions are those designated by CMS under the Readmissions Reduction Program, including acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes.
e
Includes time evaluating the patient and creating a care plan, educating or counseling the patient, and entering documention in the medical record.