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. 2022 Mar;26(3):268–275. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24091

Table 3.

Comparison of communication policy, DNAR, or EOL care discussion with family members pre-pandemic time and during pandemic of COVID-19

Policy or process compared Variables Pre-pandemic times During pandemic Chi-square (p value)
Process of communication with family members In-person counseling and documentation 269 (93.1%) 119 (41%) <0.001
  In-person under video/audio recording and documentation 17 (5.9%) 43 (14.8%)  
  Recorded video/audio (no in-person) 2 (0.7%) 25 (8.6%)  
  Recorded video/audio and physician documentation in medical records 1 (0.3%) 103 (35.5%)  
Healthcare professional responsible for communication with family members Primary treating team 23 (7.9%) 19 (6.5%) 0.27
  ICU consultant 64 (22.1%) 56 (19.2%)  
  Specialist trainee 15 (5.2%) 25 (8.6%)  
  Nursing 3 (1%) 7 (2.4%)  
  Any of the above 180 (61.1%) 183 (62.6%)  
  Others (dedicated team) 5 (1.7%) 2 (0.7%)  
DNAR or EOL care discussion with family members No DNAR policy 38 (13%) 41 (14%) <0.001
  In-person 239 (81.8%) 133 (45.5%)  
  In-person, video, and audio 8 (2.7%) 69 (23.6%)  
  Video and audio 2 (0.7%) 49 (16.8%)  
Healthcare professional responsible for DNAR or EOL care discussion with family members Consultant 145 (49.7%) 122 (41.8%) 0.459
  Specialist trainee 17 (5.8%) 21 (7.2%)  
  Combined 91 (31.2%) 106 (36.0%)  
  Dedicated team 1 (0.3%) 1 (0.3%)  
  Nursing 0 (%) 1 (0.3%)  
  No DNAR policy 38 (13%) 41 (14%)  

p <0.05 is significant. COVID-19, coronavirus disease-2019; DNAR, do not attempt to resuscitate; EOL, end-of-life-care