Table 1.
Demographic characteristics and the initial histopathological results of neoadjuvant treatment concepts [neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) versus perioperative chemotherapy (pCT)] comparing all patients with nCRT (n = 339) and after propensity score matching (n = 97) with the group of patients after pCT (n = 97)
| Before 1:1 propensity score matching | After 1:1 propensity score matching | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | nCRT | pCT | p value | Variable | nCRT | pCT | p value |
| All (N; Row—%) | 339 (77.8) | 97 (22.2) | All (N; Row—%) | 97 (50) | 97 (50) | ||
| Age N: mean (Std.) | 339: 61.9 (9.68) | 97: 62.0 (10.87) | p* = 0.497 | Age N: mean (Std.) | 97: 62.2 (8.71) | 97: 62.0 (10.87) | p* = 0.176 |
| Gender (N; Col.—%) | p† = 0.612 | Gender (N; Col.—%) | p† = 0.663 | ||||
| Female | 47 (13.9) | 11 (11.3) | Female | 13 (13.4) | 11 (11.3) | ||
| Male | 292 (86.1) | 86 (88.7) | Male | 84 (86.6) | 86 (88.7) | ||
| BMI N: mean (Std.) | 339: 25.9 (4.33) | 97: 27.6 (4.81) | p* = 0.197 | BMI N: mean (Std.) | 97: 27.6 (4.50) | 97: 27.6 (4.81) | p* = 0.464 |
| Nodal metastasis N: mean (Std.) | 302: 1.67 (3.93) | 81: 3.31 (5.57) | p* < 0.001 | Nodal metastasis N: mean (Std.) | 87: 1.76 (3.30) | 81: 3.31 (5.57) | p* = 0.001 |
| Charlson score N: mean (Std.) | 339: 3.86 (1.16) | 97: 3.92 (1.20) | p* = 0.938 | Charlson score N: mean | 97: 3.97 (1.13) | 97: 3.92 (1.20) | p* = 0.805 |
| Cologne regression scale (N; Col.—%) | p** = 0.006 | Cologne regression scale (N; Col.—%) | p** = 0.464 | ||||
| 1 | 47 (13.9) | 25 (31.6) | p† = 0.020 | 1 | 18 (22.8) | 25 (31.6) | |
| 2 | 82 (242) | 23 (29.1) | 2 | 29 (36.7) | 23 (29.1) | ||
| 3 | 79 (23.3) | 16 (20.3) | 3 | 16 (20.3) | 16 (20.3) | ||
| 4 | 75 (22.1) | 15 (19.0) | 4 | 16 (20.3) | 15 (19.0) | ||
| Missing | 56 (16.5) | 18 (18.6) | Missing | 18 (18.6) | 18 (18.6) | ||
| ASA score (N; Col.—%) | p† = 0.344 | ASA score (N; Col.—%) | p** = 0.845 | ||||
| 0 | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | p** = 0.167 | 0 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| 1 | 13 (3.8) | 5 (5.2) | 1 | 4 (4.1) | 5 (5.2) | ||
| 2 | 189 (55.8) | 44 (45.4) | 2 | 47 (48.5) | 44 (45.4) | ||
| 3 | 134 (39.5) | 48 (49.5) | 3 | 46 (47.4) | 48 (49.5) | ||
| 4 | 2 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 4 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
| pT category (N; Col.—%) | p† = 0.003 | pT category (N; Col.—%) | p† = 0.118 | ||||
| pT0/pTis | 80 (23.6) | 13 (13.4) | p** = 0.009 | pT0/pTis | 17 (17.5) | 13 (13.4) | p** = 0.356 |
| pT1 | 60 (17.7) | 18 (18.6) | pT1 | 16 (16.5) | 18 (18.6) | ||
| pT2 | 52 (15.3) | 13 (13.4) | pT2 | 14 (14.4) | 13 (13.4) | ||
| pT3 | 143 (42.2) | 46 (47.4) | pT3 | 49 (50.5) | 46 (47.4) | ||
| pT4 | 3 (0.9) | 7 (7.2) | pT4 | 0 (0) | 7 (7.2) | ||
| pTx | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | pTx | 1 (1.0) | 0 (0) | ||
| pN category (N; Col.—%) | p† = 0.002 | pN category (N; Col.—%) | p† = 0.174 | ||||
| pN0 | 209 (61.7) | 40 (41.2) | p** < 0.001 | pN0 | 55 (56.7) | 40 (41.2) | |
| pN1 | 57 (16.8) | 26 (26.8) | pN1 | 21 (21.6) | 26 (26.8) | ||
| pN2 | 48 (14.2) | 16 (16.5) | pN2 | 12 (12.4) | 16 (16.5) | ||
| pN3 | 25 (7.4) | 15 (15.5) | pN3 | 9 (9.3) | 15 (15.5) | ||
| Grading (N; Col.—%) | p† = 0.626 | Grading (N; Col.—%) | p† = 0.997 | ||||
| 0 | 8 (2.4) | 3 (3.1) | p** = 0.411 | 0 | 3 (3.1) | 3 (3.1) | |
| G2 | 56 (16.5) | 13 (13.4) | G2 | 14 (14.4) | 13 (13.4) | ||
| G3 | 74 (21.8) | 14 (14.4) | G3 | 15 (15.5) | 14 (14.4) | ||
| Missing | 201 (59.3) | 67 (69.1) | Missing | 65 (67.0) | 67 (69.1) | ||
*t test, **Jonckheere–Terpstra test, †Pearson χ2 test
p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant