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. 2022 Apr 5;13:869050. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.869050

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Copyright © 2022 Li, Wang, Xu, Che, Hu, Cao, Xie, Qiu, Shi, Liu, Dai and Yang

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Liraglutide pretreatment inhibits I/R-elicited M1 polarization of KCs in the liver. Mice underwent 60 min of liver ischemia and 6 h of reperfusion; liver tissues were harvested for immunofluorescence staining (A) and MPO staining (B) (original magnification 400×), and the number of F4/80⁺/iNOS⁺ positive cells and MPO-positive cells was calculated. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α (C), IL-1β (D), and IL-6 (E), in the liver was detected via qRT-PCR. (F) The number of CD68⁺-positive cells of KCs under F4/80⁺ and CD11b⁺ subsets was calculated via flow cytometry. The results represent the means from at least 3 independent experiments. Values are shown as mean ± SD, n = 3 per group. ^*P < 0.05, ^***P < 0.001 vs. the Sham group; ^#P < 0.05, ^###P < 0.001 vs. the I/R group. ^&&P < 0.01 vs. the I/R+Lira group. KCs, resident macrophages; MPO, myeloperoxidase.