Figure 1.

Bioefficacy of different unwashed long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) against field-caught Anopheles gambiae sensu lato. Mean knockdown and mortality rates are shown with 95% confidence intervals, at 60 minutes and 24 hours, respectively, after 3-minute exposure to PermaNet 2.0 (deltamethrin only), side panels of PermaNet 3.0 (deltamethrin only), roof panels of PermaNet 3.0 (piperonyl butoxide plus deltamethrin), and an untreated control net. Knockdown or mortality rates in the same time period for each treatment sharing a letter do not differ significantly (P > .05). Green lines at ≥75% and ≥95% knockdown represent minimal and optimal effectiveness, respectively, at 60 minutes. Red lines at ≥50% and ≥80% mortality represent minimal and optimal LLIN effectiveness at 24 hours, respectively, as defined by the World Health Organization [21].