Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Biometeorol. 2021 Apr 20;65(10):1615–1628. doi: 10.1007/s00484-021-02128-7

Table 4.

Correlation results between pollen indicators and meteorological variables (temperature and precipitation). Number of analyses and percent of analyses that reported a significant correlation between the pollen indicator and meteorological variable are shown. Correlation results with less than five studies for comparison are grayed out to indicate the low number of analyses and limitations to the results

ConcentrationTemperature Correlation - Percent (n) Precipitation Correlation - Percent (n)


Positive Negative No Correlation Total (n) Positive Negative No Correlation Total (n)

Main Pollen Season Start Date
 Trees 12.2%(10) 73.2%(60) 14.6%(12) 82 41.2%(7) 11.8%(2) 47.1%(8) 17
 Weeds 13.3%(2) 53.3%(8) 33.3%(5) 15 33.3%(1) 0.0%(0) 66.7%(2) 3
 Grasses 4.2%(1) 37.5%(9) 58.3%(14) 24 5.3%(1) 15.8%(3) 78.9%(15) 19
 Total 10.7%(13) 63.9%(78) 25.4%(31) 122 23.1%(9) 12.8%(5) 64.1%(25) 39
Main Pollen Season Peak Date
 Trees 4.3%(1) 52.2%(12) 43.5%(10) 23 16.7%(1) 33.3%(2) 50.0%(3) 6
 Weeds 0.0%(0) 18.2%(2) 81.8%(9) 11 0.0%(0) 0.0%(0) 100.0%(2) 2
 Grasses 0.0%(0) 38.1%(8) 61.9%(13) 21 5.3%(1) 0.0%(0) 94.7%(18) 19
 Total 1.8%(1) 40.0%(22) 58.2%(32) 55 7.4%(2) 7.4%(2) 85.2%(23) 27
Main Pollen Season End Date
 Trees 5.6%(1) 50.0%(9) 44.4%(8) 18 25.0%(1) 0.0%(0) 75.0%(3) 4
 Weeds 27.3%(3) 0.0%(0) 72.7%(8) 1 50.0%(1) 0.0%(0) 50.0%(1) 2
 Grasses 40.0%(2) 20.0%(1) 40.0%(2) 5 0.0%(0) 0.0%(0) 100.0%(2) 2
 Total 17.6%(6) 29.4%(10) 52.9%(18) 34 25.0%(2) 0.0%(0) 75.0%(6) 8
Main Pollen Season Length
 Trees 38.9%(14) 22.2%(8) 38.9%(14) 36 10.0%(1) 0.0%(0) 90.0%(9) 10
 Weeds 50.0%(7) 7.1%(1) 42.9%(6) 14 0.0%(0) 50.0%(1) 50.0%(1) 2
 Grasses 7.4%(2) 14.8%(4) 77.8%(21) 27 20.8%(5) 0.0%(0) 79.2%(19) 24
 Total 30.8%(24) 16.7%(13) 52.6%(41) 78 16.7%(6) 2.8%(1) 80.6%(29) 36
Annual Pollen Integral (API)
 Trees 44.8%(61) 19.3%(28) 35.9%(52) 141 17.7%(11) 21.0%(13) 61.3%(38) 62
 Weeds 38.6%(17) 20.5%(9) 40.9%(18) 3 18.2%(4) 13.6%(3) 68.2%(15) 22
 Grasses 20.0%(7) 17.1%(6) 62.9%(22) 35 48.3%(14) 17.2%(5) 34.5%(10) 29
 Total 40.3%(87) 19.0%(43) 40.7%(92) 222 26.3%(30) 18.4%(21) 55.3%(63) 114
Average Daily Pollen Concentration
 Trees 63.8%(30) 25.5%(12) 10.6%(5) 47 2.5%(1) 67.5%(27) 30.0%(12) 40
 Weeds 82.6%(19) 17.4%(4) 0.0%(0) 23 13.6%(3) 59.1%(13) 27.3%(6) 22
 Grasses 50.0%(4) 37.5%(3) 12.5%(1) 8 22.2%(2) 66.7%(6) 11.1%(1) 9
 Total 67.7%(65) 22.9%(22) 9.4%(9) 96 12.4%(11) 59.6%(53) 28.1%(25) 89
Peak Pollen Concentration
 Trees 35.3%(6) 29.4%(5) 35.3%(6) 17 66.7%(4) 16.7%(1) 16.7%(1) 6
 Weeds 27.3%(3) 9.1%(1) 63.6%(7) 11 50.0%(1) 0.0%(0) 50.0%(1) 2
 Grasses 5.3%(1) 10.5%(2) 84.2%(16) 19 70.6%(12) 0.0%(0) 29.4%(5) 17
 Total 21.3%(10) 17.0%(8) 61.7%(29) 47 68.0%(17) 4.0%(1) 28.0%(7) 25