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. 2022 Apr 7;11(4):1531–1541. doi: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00610

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Production envelopes of different growth-coupled design strategies consisting of no more than five manipulations for lycopene. The production envelope illustrates the minimum and maximum production rates a production strain can achieve at different growth rates compared to the wild type. The solid-blue production envelope is for the design strategy using the minimal regulation set: ALCD19 (knockout), TKT2 (knockout), DXPS (overexpressed), PItex (overexpressed), and TPI (underexpressed). The dashed red production envelope is for the design strategy using the maximal regulation set: FUM (knockout), R1PK (knockout), ADK3 (overexpressed), PItex (overexpressed), and ADK1 (underexpressed). Reaction names are consistent with the genome-scale metabolic network model of E. coli iML1515.