Table 2.
Sub-group analysis by region, year of publication, year study, study population and risk of bias on pooled utilization of PITC in Ethiopia
| Sub-group analysis | Number of studies | Utilization of PITC | 95% confidence interval | Heterogeneity (I2%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sub-group analysis by year of publication | |||||
| 1. 2009–2012 | 8 | 72.1 | 60.40–83.82 | 98.5 | P < 0.001 |
| 2. 2013–2016 | 9 | 84.2 | 78.17–90.28 | 98.1 | P < 0.001 |
| 3. 2017–2021 | 8 | 79.6 | 73.47–84.20 | 95.0 | P < 0.001 |
| Sub-group analysis by year of study | |||||
| 1. 2009–2012 | 13 | 78.34 | 70.69–85.99 | 99.0 | P < 0.001 |
| 2. 2013–2016 | 6 | 75.75 | 69.35–82.15 | 93.1 | P < 0.001 |
| 3. 2017–2019 | 6 | 83.23 | 78.08–88.37 | 92.1 | P < 0.001 |
| Sub-group analysis by regions of Ethiopia | |||||
| 1. Amhara region | 5 | 82.2 | 74.81–89.58 | 95.4 | P < 0.001 |
| 2. Oromia | 10 | 82.5 | 76.16–90.34 | 98.4 | P < 0.001 |
| 3. Harari | 2 | 76.5 | 64.89–88.01 | 93.4 | P < 0.001 |
| 4. Tigray | 1 | 35.0 | 30.41–39.59 | – | – |
| 5. Benishangul | 2 | 80.8 | 77.88–83.81 | 0.0 | P = 0.987 |
| 6. Afar | 1 | 79.9 | 66.12–75.68 | – | – |
| 7. Addis Ababa | 1 | 93.5 | 91.83–95.17 | – | – |
| 8. Southern Nation Nationality Region of Ethiopia | 3 | 73.4 | 61.49–85.31 | 95.4 | P < 0.001 |
| Sub-group population | |||||
| 1. TB clinic clients | 4 | 84.0 | 71.42–96.48 | 99.1 | P < 0.001 |
| 2. ANC clients | 15 | 80.4 | 75.84–85.04 | 96.2 | P < 0.001 |
| 3. OPD clients | 6 | 71.6 | 57.84–85.37 | 98.5 | P < 0.001 |
| Sub-group analysis by risk bias of studies | |||||
| 1. High | 9 | 84.5 | 73.41–93.57 | 99.0 | P < 0.001 |
| 2. Moderate | 9 | 83.5 | 82.04–84.92 | 14.7 | P = 0.315 |
| 3. Low | 7 | 71.9 | 66.71–77.34 | 93.5 | P < 0.001 |