Table 4.
Associations between characteristics of residents, residency program-related factors, occurrence of abuses and presence of burnout
| Variable | Burnout (n = 525) | Controls (n = 894) | OR (95%CI) | pa | ORadj (95%CI)b | pb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years, median, IQR) | 28 (26–30) | 28 (27–30) | - | .083 | .94 (.90–99) | .010 |
| Male sex (n, %) | 226 (43.6) | 309 (35.0) | 1.44 (1.15–1.80) | .001 | 2.11 (1.58–2.81) | < .001 |
| Non-heterosexual (n, %) | 50 (9.7) | 90 (10.2) | 1.06 (.74–1.53) | .782 | - | |
| Marital status single (n, %) | 376 (71.6) | 602 (67.3) | 1.22 (.97–1.55) | .096 | - | |
| Have children (n, %) | 38 (7.2) | 89 (10.0) | .71 (.48–1.05) | .101 | - | |
| Live alone (n, %) | 210 (40.0) | 330 (36.9) | 1.14 (.91–1.42) | .314 | - | |
| Move to participate in this residency (n, %) | 346 (65.9) | 567 (63.4) | 1.12 (.89–1.40) | .359 | - | |
| Surgical training area (n, %) | 266 (50.7) | 344 (38.5) | 1.64 (1.32–2.04) | < .001 | - | |
| Post-graduation year (median, IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | .925 | - | ||
| Weekly working hours in residency (median, IQR) | 70 (60–90) | 60 (60–80) | - | < .001 | 1.20 (1.10–1.32) | < .001 |
| Weekly moonlighting hours (median, IQR) | 9 (3–18) | 9 (3–18) | - | .460 | - | |
| Leisure time (hours/week, median, IQR) | 4 (2–8) | 6 (4–12) | - | < .001 | .98 (.96–1.00) | .044 |
| Absence of day off (n, %) | 242 (46.1) | 248 (27.7) | 2.23 (1.78–2.79) | < .001 | 1.34 (1.00–1.79) | .047 |
| Poor learning experience (n, %) | 223 (42.5) | 192 (21.5) | 2.70 (2.13–3.42) | < .001 | 1.48 (1.09–2.02) | .013 |
| Work-personal life conflicts (n, %) | 455 (86.7) | 648 (72.5) | 2.47 (1.84–3.30) | < .001 | - | |
| General poor feeling about residency program (n, %) | 168 (32.0) | 128 (14.3) | 2.82 (2.17–3.66) | < .001 | - | |
| Few classroom activities (n, %) | 302 (58.0) | 424 (47.9) | 1.50 (1.21–1.87) | < .001 | - | |
| Providing assistance without supervision often (n, %) | 365 (69.5) | 418 (46.8) | 2.60 (2.07–3.26) | < .001 | 1.32 (1.00–1.76) | .049 |
| Choosing the wrong specialty (n, %) | 280 (53.3) | 232 (26.0) | 3.26 (2.60–4.09) | < .001 | 1.77 (1.32–2.35) | < .001 |
| Occurrence of psychological abuse (n, %) | 410 (78.1) | 478 (53.5) | 3.10 (2.43–3.96) | < .001 | - | |
| Occurrence of psychological abuse from attendings (n, %) | 303 (57.7) | 283 (31.7) | 2.95 (2.36–3.68) | < .001 | 1.56 (1.21–2.13) | .002 |
| Occurrence of psychological abuse from patients (n, %) | 142 (27.0) | 151 (16.9) | 1.82 (1.41–2.37) | < .001 | 1.57 (1.13–2.17) | .006 |
| Occurrence of psychological abuse from colleague residents (n, %) | 142 (27.0) | 102 (11.4) | 2.88 (2.17–3.82) | < .001 | - | |
| Occurrence of sexual abuse in your residency program (n, %) | 198 (37.7) | 220 (24.6) | 1.86 (1.47–2.34) | < .001 | - | |
| Occurrence of sexual abuse in your residency program from attendings (n, %) | 91 (17.3) | 66 (7.4) | 2.63 (1.88–3.69) | < .001 | - | |
| Occurrence of physical aggression in your residency program (n, %) | 119 (22.7) | 119 (13.3) | 1.91 (1.44–2.53) | < .001 | - | |
| Anxiety (n, %) | 388 (73.9) | 415 (46.4) | 3.27 (2.58–4.14) | < .001 | - | |
| Depression (n, %) | 359 (68.4) | 307 (34.3) | 4.14 (3.29–5.20) | < .001 | 2.53 (1.89–3.38) | < .001 |
| Diurnal somnolence† (n, %) | 397 (75.6) | 499 (55.8) | 2.46 (1.93–3.12) | < .001 | 1.52 (1.13–2.04) | .006 |
a Fisher exact or Mann–Whitney tests
b Final binary logistic regression model: AUROC = .780 (95%CI = .753-.806)
This model enrolled 1,398 individuals (21 [1,5%] had at least one missing variable)