Table 1.
The baseline characteristics of included studies.
| First author (year) | Country | Group | Age (mean ± SD), years | Sample size | Intervening measure | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atukunda (2014) | Uganda | Experimental group | 29.3 ± 3.4 | 570 | 600 μg misoprostol, sublingual | (2) (3) (4) |
| Control group | 29.7 ± 3.1 | 570 | 10 u oxytocin, intramuscular | |||
| Bellad (2012) | Belgium | Experimental group | 23.0 ± 3.1 | 321 | 400 μg misoprostol, sublingual | (2) (3) (4) (5) |
| Control group | 22.8 ± 3.0 | 331 | 10 u oxytocin, i.v. | |||
| Blum (2010) | Burkina Faso, Turkey, Egypt | Experimental group | 25.0 ± 5.3 | 407 | 800 μg misoprostol, sublingual | (3) (4) (5) |
| Control group | 25.0 ± 4.8 | 402 | 40 u oxytocin, i.v. | |||
| Chaudhuri (2012) | India | Experimental group | 22.07 ± 3.60 | 265 | 400 μg misoprostol, sublingual | (1) (4) |
| Control group | 22.35 ± 2.97 | 265 | 10 u oxytocin, intramuscular | |||
| Elbohoty (2016) | Egypt | Experimental group | 27.9 ± 5.2 | 89 | 400 μg misoprostol, sublingual | (1) (3) (4) (5) |
| Control group | 27.7 ± 5.5 | 86 | 10 u oxytocin, intramuscular | |||
| Gülmezoglu (2001) | Argentina, China, Egypt, Ireland, Nigeria, South Africa, Switzerland, Thailand, Vietnam | Experimental group | 26.5 ± 5.5 | 9264 | 600 μg misoprostol, oral | (3) (4) (5) |
| Control group | 26.3 ± 5.4 | 9266 | 10 u oxytocin, i.v. | |||
| Kundodyiwa (2001) | Zimbabwe | Experimental group | 24.4 ± 5.6 | 243 | 400 μg misoprostol, oral | (4) (5) |
| Control group | 23.8 ± 5.3 | 256 | 10 u oxytocin, i.v. | |||
| Musa (2015) | Nigeria | Experimental group | 29.60 ± 4.71 | 100 | 600 μg misoprostol, oral | (1) (2) (4) (5) |
| Control group | 29.50 ± 4.37 | 100 | 10 u oxytocin, intramuscular | |||
| Oboro (2003) | Nigeria | Experimental group | 23.6 ± 5.2 | 247 | 600 μg misoprostol, oral | (1) (2) (3) (5) |
| Control group | 23.9 ± 4.8 | 249 | 10 u oxytocin, i.v. | |||
| Rajaei (2014) | Iran | Experimental group | 25.86 ± 5.79 | 200 | 400 μg misoprostol, oral | −1 |
| Control group | 25.86 ± 5.79 | 200 | 10 u oxytocin, i.v. | |||
| Singh (2009) | India | Experimental group | 24.17 ± 2.57 | 75 | 400 μg misoprostol, sublingual | (1) (3) (4) (5) |
| Control group | 24.27 ± 2.67 | 75 | 5 u oxytocin, i.v. | |||
| Walley (2000) | Ghana | Experimental group | 25.7 ± 5.0 | 203 | 400 μg misoprostol, oral | (1) (3) (4) (5) |
| Control group | 26.1 ± 5.5 | 198 | 10 u oxytocin, intramuscular | |||
| Çalişkan E (2003) | Turkey | Experimental group | 24.4 ± 4.7 | 388 | 400 μg misoprostol, oral | (1) (3) (4) (5) |
| Control group | 25.0 ± 5.1 | 384 | 10 u oxytocin, i.v. |