The expression of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), and electron transport chain proteins (total OXPHOS) in the skeletal muscle from healthy controls (Con, n = 6) and patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD, n = 6). Representative Western blot images consist of two continuous lanes (from the same blot) all normalized to total protein. A: 4-HNE expression was not different between Con and PAD groups (P = 0.06). B: GPX4 expression was lower in PAD compared with Con (P < 0.01). C: 4-HNE and GPX4 ratio, indicator of oxidative stress damage to antioxidant status, was attenuated in PAD compared with Con (P < 0.01). D: expression of proteins from the electron transport chain (complexes I–V, CI–V) was lower at CI (P < 0.01), CII (P < 0.01), CIII (P = 0.02), CIV (P < 0.01), and CV (P < 0.01) in PAD compared with Con. Data are means ± SD. *P < 0.05 vs. Con. †P < 0.01 vs. Con.