Table 2.
Results of random effects linear regression models predicting the percent change in proportion of substance use disorder treatment settings offering psychiatric treatment
| Antidepressants β (95% CI) | Benzodiazepines β (95% CI) | Other psychiatric medication β (95% CI) | Any psychiatric medication β (95% CI) | Behavioral therapy β (95% CI) | Any psychiatric treatment β (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Difference in differences (Interaction between year and Medicaid expansion) | 9.6 (1.0, 18.2) | 4.0 (−4.1, 12.1) | 9.9 (1.0, 18.8) | 11.1 (2.4, 19.7) | 0.4 (−8.9, 9.7) | 3.1 (−5.3, 11.4) |
| Year (2017 vs. 2014) | −5.7 (−12.9, 1.5) | −3.7 (−10.4, 3.1) | −6.5 (−13.9, 1.0) | −6.0 (−13.3, 1.2) | 0.8 (−7.0, 8.6) | −1.9 (−8.9, 5.1) |
| Medicaid expansion | −2.6 (−13.1, 7.9) | −3.3 (−11.7, 5.2) | −4.4 (−14.8, 6.0) | −1.6 (−12.2, 8.9) | 3.0 (−6.2, 12.2) | 0.4 (−8.1, 8.9) |
| Treatment length (months) | −0.2 (−0.4, 0.02) | 0.02 (−0.1, 0.2) | −0.2 (−0.4, −0.04) | −0.2 (−0.4, 0.01) | 0.1 (−0.1, 0.3) | 0.04 (−0.1, 0.2) |
| At least one prescribing Clinician on staff | 9.2 (3.4, 14.9) | 5.6 (0.7, 10.5) | 11.2 (5.4, 17.0) | 9.6 (3.9, 15.4) | 4.2 (−1.2, 9.6) | 5.1 (0.1, 10.0) |
| Proportion of Clients with mental health comorbidities | 0.2 (0.1, 0.3) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.3) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.4) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.3) | 0.3 (0.2, 0.4) | |
| Type of facility (ref = Outpatient) | ||||||
| Inpatient | 46.5 (31.4, 61.6) | 16.5 (4.6, 28.3) | 42.9 (28.1, 57.8) | 44.2 (29.1, 59.3) | 6.4 (−6.5, 19.2) | 15.8 (3.9, 27.8) |
| Residential | 19.9 (9.1, 30.7) | 2.2 (−6.2, 10.7) | 13.1 (2.5, 23.7) | 18.2 (7.4, 29.0) | 14.5 (5.3, 23.6) | 12.6 (4.1, 21.1) |
| Caseload (ref = 10 or fewer) | ||||||
| 11-25 | 7.3 (−2.0, 16.5) | 1.5 (−6.2, 9.3) | 5.8 (−3.5, 15.1) | 6.3 (−3.0, 15.6) | 5.9 (−2.6, 14.5) | 6.6 (−1.3, 14.5) |
| 26-40 | 3.0 (−7.9, 14.0) | 1.8 (−7.2, 10.9) | 1.1 (−9.8, 12.0) | 1.7 (−9.2, 12.6) | 8.7 (−1.2, 18.6) | 7.6 (−1.6, 16.7) |
| More than 40 | 5.4 (−5.7, 16.6) | 3.2 (−6.1, 12.3) | 2.9 (−8.2, 14.0) | 3.9 (−7.2, 15.1) | −0.5 (−10.6, 9.6) | 1.1 (−8.2, 10.5) |
| Region (ref = Northeast) | ||||||
| Midwest | −11.6 (−21.0, −2.2) | 4.2 (−3.1, 11.4) | −9.3 (−18.5, −0.1) | −11.7 (−21.1, −2.3) | −3.2 (−11.0, 4.6) | −3.3 (−10.6, 4.0) |
| South | −12.9 (−24.6, −1.2) | −1.4 (−10.4, 7.7) | −12.3 (−23.7, −0.9) | −10.7 (−22.4, 1.0) | −6.1 (−15.8, 3.5) | −7.2 (−16.3, 1.8) |
| West | −16.7 (−26.2, −7.2) | 5.8 (−1.5, 13.1) | −13.8 (−23.1, −4.5) | −17.0 (−26.5, −7.5) | −7.8 (−15.6, 0.2) | −9.8 (−17.2, −2.5) |
| Effective sample size | 1,092 | 1,083 | 1,087 | 1,093 | 1,089 | 1,093 |