Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Placebo | Canagliflozin | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size | 226 | 222 | 448 |
| Age (years) | |||
| Mean (s.d.) | 64.0 (13.45) | 62.9 (13.19) | 63.4 (13.32) |
| Median | 66.0 | 65.0 | 66.0 |
| Range | (22; 94) | (20; 89) | (20; 94) |
| 18–25 | 2 (0.9%) | 4 (1.8%) | 6 (1.3%) |
| 26–50 | 38 (16.8%) | 35 (15.8%) | 73 (16.3%) |
| 51–64 | 59 (26.1%) | 68 (30.6%) | 127 (28.3%) |
| ≥65 | 127 (56.2%) | 115 (51.8%) | 242 (54.0%) |
| Gender | |||
| Female | 97 (42.9%) | 104 (46.8%) | 201 (44.9%) |
| Race | |||
| White | 194 (85.8%) | 182 (82.0%) | 376 (83.9%) |
| Black or African American | 30 (13.3%) | 35 (15.8%) | 65 (14.5%) |
| Asian | 1 (0.4%) | 1 (0.5%) | 2 (0.4%) |
| Other | 1 (0.4%) | 4 (1.8%) | 5 (1.1%) |
| Diabetes | |||
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 59 (26.1%) | 66 (29.7%) | 125 (27.9%) |
| Non-type 2 diabetes mellitus | 167 (73.9%) | 156 (70.3%) | 323 (72.1%) |
| Randomization stratification | |||
| HFpEF | 135 (59.7%) | 132 (59.5%) | 267 (59.6%) |
| HFrEF | 91 (40.3%) | 90 (40.5%) | 181 (40.4%) |
| KCCQ scores | |||
| Total symptom score | 58.0 ± 21.1 | 57.4 ± 21.3 | 57.7 ± 21.2 |
| Overall summary score | 52.7 ± 18.3 | 51.6 ± 18.8 | 52.1 ± 18.5 |
| Clinical summary score | 56.3 ± 19.5 | 54.6 ± 19.7 | 55.5 ± 19.6 |
| Physical limitation score | 54.4 ± 21.5 | 51.9 ± 21.2 | 53.1 ± 21.4 |
| Social limitation score | 50.9 ± 22.4 | 50.9 ± 23.8 | 50.9 ± 23.1 |
| Quality of life score | 47.4 ± 21.8 | 45.8 ± 21.2 | 46.6 ± 21.5 |
| Step counts | 4,041.4 ± 2,774.9 | 4,583.8 ± 3150.5 | 4,310.1 ± 2,975.8 |