Table 2.
Univariate and multivariate associations between characteristics and moderate/high risk alcohol use
| Univariate | Multivariate | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| Demographics | OR | SE | p | 95%CI | OR | SE | p | 95%CI | |
| Age | 0.99 | 0.0 | 0.14 | (1.0–1.0) | 1.00 | 0.0 | 0.81 | (1.0–1.0) | |
| Male (ref. female) | 1.94 | 0.3 | <0.001 | (1.4–2.7) | 1.94 | 0.4 | 0.001 | (1.3–2.9) | |
| Person of color (ref. non-person of color) | 1.07 | 0.4 | 0.86 | (0.5–2.2) | 1.08 | 0.5 | 0.85 | (0.5–2.5) | |
| Married (ref. non-married) | 0.82 | 0.1 | 0.26 | (0.6–1.2) | 0.76 | 0.2 | 0.20 | (0.5–1.2) | |
| ≤High school (ref. >high school) | 0.68 | 0.1 | 0.04 | (0.5–1.0) | 0.66 | 0.1 | 0.06 | (0.4–1.0) | |
| Insured (ref. not ensured) | 1.52 | 0.5 | 0.24 | (0.8–3.0) | 0.99 | 0.4 | 0.99 | (0.4–2.4) | |
| Employment (ref. not employed) | Full/part time | 1.40 | 0.3 | 0.10 | (0.9–2.1) | 1.42 | 0.3 | 0.14 | (0.9–2.3) |
| Disabled | 0.85 | 0.2 | 0.52 | (0.5–1.4) | 0.72 | 0.2 | 0.28 | (0.4–1.3) | |
|
Health | |||||||||
| General health | 0.95 | 0.1 | 0.38 | (0.8–1.1) | 0.98 | 0.1 | 0.74 | (0.8–1.1) | |
| Pain severity | 0.92 | 0.1 | 0.49 | (0.7–1.2) | 0.66 | 0.1 | 0.03 | (0.5–1.0) | |
| Pain interference | 1.14 | 0.1 | 0.26 | (0.9–1.4) | 1.44 | 0.2 | 0.03 | (1.0–2.0) | |
| Depression (ref. not depressed) | 1.14 | 0.2 | 0.54 | (0.8–1.7) | 0.59 | 0.2 | 0.07 | (0.3–1.1) | |
|
Overdose and illicit substance use | |||||||||
| Illicit drug overdose history (ref. no overdose) | 3.04 | 0.7 | <0.001 | (2.0–4.7) | 1.93 | 0.6 | 0.03 | (1.1–3.5 ) | |
| Opioid medication (ref. low risk use) | 1.60 | 0.3 | 0.01 | (1.1–2.3) | 1.25 | 0.3 | 0.33 | (0.8–1.9) | |
| Street opioids (ref. low risk use) | 1.69 | 1.1 | 0.41 | (0.5–5.8) | 1.05 | 1.1 | 0.96 | (0.1–7.5) | |
| Cannabis (ref. low risk use) | 2.41 | 0.5 | <0.001 | (1.6–3.8) | 1.59 | 0.4 | 0.10 | (0.9–2.8) | |
| Sedatives (ref. low risk use) | 2.54 | 0.5 | <0.001 | (1.7–3.7) | 2.11 | 0.5 | 0.003 | (1.3–3.5) | |
| Cocaine (ref. low risk use) | 2.75 | 1.2 | 0.02 | (1.2–6.5) | 0.99 | 0.7 | 0.99 | (0.3–3.8) | |
| Tobacco (ref. low risk use) | 2.53 | 0.5 | <0.001 | (1.8–3.6) | 2.41 | 0.5 | <0.001 | (1.6–3.7) | |
| Methamphetamine (ref. low risk use) | 2.03 | 1.1 | 0.21 | (0.7–6.0) | 0.15 | 0.2 | 0.14 | (0.0–1.8) | |
| Stimulant medication (ref. low risk use) | 2.29 | 0.8 | 0.01 | (1.2–4.4) | 1.67 | 0.7 | 0.21 | (0.7–3.8) | |
| Hallucinogens (ref. low risk use) | 4.74 | 3.4 | 0.03 | (1.2–19.2) | 2.60 | 2.8 | 0.38 | (0.3–22.0) | |
| Inhalants a (ref. low risk use) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
a
Could not compute due to insufficient sample