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. 2022 Apr 19;14:110. doi: 10.1007/s40820-022-00846-0

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Fig. 1 — The schematic diagram of zinc (Zn) plating processes in a typical aqueous Zn-ion battery (AZIB). a The typical complex ion, [Zn(H₂O)₆]²⁺, results in the parasite reactions, including HER, corrosion, dendrite formation, and the passivation on the Zn electrode within ZnSO₄ aqueous electrolyte; b a new complex ion, [Zn(H₂O)_m(CHD)]²⁺ (optimal m = 5), is formed with the presence of CHD in ZnSO₄ aqueous electrolyte which facilitates the uniform plating/stripping of Zn layer