TABLE 4.
Cumulative transmittance, retention, and total transmittance of GS in the skin.
| Time (h) | Accumulative release rate (%) | Skin retention rate (%) | Total skin transmittance (%) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GS | GSL-7 | GSN-4 | GS | GSL-7 | GSN-4 | GS | GSL-7 | GSN-4 | |
| 6 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 21.43 ± 0.91 | 9.05 ± 1.83 | 0.46 ± 0.07 | 26.74 ± 2.68 | 16.78 ± 0.06 | 0.58 ± 0.06 | 48.17 ± 2.08 | 25.83 ± 2.40 |
| 8 | 0.19 ± 0.01 | 23.52 ± 2.33 | 11.31 ± 0.93 | 0.57 ± 0.01 | 30.92 ± 1.04 | 18.37 ± 0.50 | 0.76 ± 0.01 | 54.44 ± 1.34 | 29.68 ± 0.48 |
| 12 | 0.35 ± 0.02 | 29.40 ± 1.69 | 14.13 ± 0.79 | 0.85 ± 0.01 | 44.49 ± 0.95 | 31.98 ± 1.97 | 1.20 ± 0.01 | 73.89 ± 2.36 | 46.11 ± 1.17 |
| 24 | 0.72 ± 0.03 | 33.30 ± 2.29 | 26.15 ± 1.03 | 0.99 ± 0.01 | 52.16 ± 1.35 | 42.67 ± 1.90 | 1.72 ± 0.03 | 85.46 ± 3.64 | 68.82 ± 0.86 |
| 48 | 0.79 ± 0.05 | 34.21 ± 1.80 | 27.78 ± 0.89 | 1.02 ± 0.05 | 53.63 ± 0.49 | 43.21 ± 1.29 | 1.81 ± 0.05 | 87.84 ± 1.77 | 70.99 ± 0.39 |
GSL-7, total ginsenoside liposome-7; GSN-4, total ginsenoside niosome-4.