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. 2022 Apr 6;10:874827. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.874827

TABLE 4.

Cumulative transmittance, retention, and total transmittance of GS in the skin.

Time (h) Accumulative release rate (%) Skin retention rate (%) Total skin transmittance (%)
GS GSL-7 GSN-4 GS GSL-7 GSN-4 GS GSL-7 GSN-4
6 0.12 ± 0.01 21.43 ± 0.91 9.05 ± 1.83 0.46 ± 0.07 26.74 ± 2.68 16.78 ± 0.06 0.58 ± 0.06 48.17 ± 2.08 25.83 ± 2.40
8 0.19 ± 0.01 23.52 ± 2.33 11.31 ± 0.93 0.57 ± 0.01 30.92 ± 1.04 18.37 ± 0.50 0.76 ± 0.01 54.44 ± 1.34 29.68 ± 0.48
12 0.35 ± 0.02 29.40 ± 1.69 14.13 ± 0.79 0.85 ± 0.01 44.49 ± 0.95 31.98 ± 1.97 1.20 ± 0.01 73.89 ± 2.36 46.11 ± 1.17
24 0.72 ± 0.03 33.30 ± 2.29 26.15 ± 1.03 0.99 ± 0.01 52.16 ± 1.35 42.67 ± 1.90 1.72 ± 0.03 85.46 ± 3.64 68.82 ± 0.86
48 0.79 ± 0.05 34.21 ± 1.80 27.78 ± 0.89 1.02 ± 0.05 53.63 ± 0.49 43.21 ± 1.29 1.81 ± 0.05 87.84 ± 1.77 70.99 ± 0.39

GSL-7, total ginsenoside liposome-7; GSN-4, total ginsenoside niosome-4.