Table 3.
Study | Bees | Duration of the study (days) | BMR 10% | |
---|---|---|---|---|
BMCL/BMDL | BMCU/BMDU | |||
Krainer et al. (2016) | Workers | 7 |
8,420 mg/kg 228.0 μg/bee per day |
227,000 mg/kg 1,170.0 μg/bee per day |
22 |
745 mg/kg 32.7 μg/bee per day |
1,410 mg/kg 37.6 μg/bee per day |
||
Larvae | 7 |
4,090 mg/kg 115 μg/larva per day |
4,320 mg/kg 123 μg/larva per day |
|
22(b) |
2,130 mg/kg 64.3 μg/larva per day |
3,600 mg/kg 102 μg/larva per day |
||
Jachimowicz and El Sherbiny (1975)(a) | Workers | 20 |
42.1 mg/kg 1.16 μg/bee per day |
73.7 mg/kg 1.97 μg/bee per day |
Gregorc et al. (2020) | Workers | 15 |
1,550 mg/kg 23.3 μg/bee per day |
7,320 mg/kg 58.7 μg/bee per day |
Workers | 20 |
1,200 mg/kg 18.0 μg/bee per day |
1,480 mg/kg 22.2 μg/bee per day |
|
Lüken and von der Ohe (2016) | Workers | 30 |
262 mg/kg 5.91 μg/bee per day |
635 mg/kg 14.3 μg/bee per day |
BMR: Benchmark reference; BM(D/C)L: Benchmark (dose/concentration) lower bound; BM(D/C)U: Benchmark (dose/concentration) upper bound.
The BMCs/BMDs reported are the lowest BMCLs/BMDLs and highest BMCUs/BMDUs from simultaneous dose‐response modelling of two independent experiments with identical study design.
Note that exposure was for 6 days followed by a 16‐day observation period.