Table 3b.
Patients' characteristics in the high‐risk group
| Immediate PCI | Early PCI | Late PCI | p_trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 33 | 372 | 517 | ||
| Baseline characteristics | ||||
| Age, years (median [IQR]) | 61.00 (52.00, 72.00) | 62.00 (54.00, 71.00) | 66.00 (58.00, 74.00) | <.001 |
| Gender (male) | 29 (87.9) | 306 (82.3) | 406 (78.5) | .079 |
| Dyslipidemia | 25 (75.8) | 272 (73.1) | 411 (79.5) | .048 |
| Hypertension | 16 (48.5) | 233 (62.6) | 376 (72.7) | <.001 |
| Current smokers | 18 (54.5) | 154 (41.4) | 183 (35.4) | .011 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 8 (24.2) | 141 (38.1) | 245 (47.4) | <.001 |
| Family history of CAD | 13 (44.8) | 117 (36.9) | 124 (31.1) | .041 |
| BMI (kg/m2), (median [IQR]) | 26.42 (22.93, 28.48) | 27.47 (24.54, 30.09) | 27.47 (24.75, 30.53) | .214 |
| Prior MI | 10 (30.3) | 133 (35.8) | 236 (45.8) | .001 |
| Prior CABG | 3 (9.1) | 25 (6.7) | 69 (13.3) | .004 |
| Prior PCI | 9 (27.3) | 112 (30.1) | 210 (40.9) | .001 |
| Chronic renal failure | 1 (3.0) | 22 (5.9) | 64 (12.4) | .001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 1 (3.0) | 18 (4.8) | 36 (7.0) | .133 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1 (3.0) | 26 (7.0) | 47 (9.1) | .126 |
| CHF | 2 (6.1) | 19 (5.1) | 45 (8.7) | .06 |
| GRACE score > 140 | 6 (19.4) | 37 (10.4) | 77 (15.4) | .193 |
| Prior medications | ||||
| Aspirin | 12 (38.7) | 154 (45.2) | 274 (59.3) | <.001 |
| Clopidogrel | 3 (10.0) | 40 (12.5) | 74 (17.1) | .058 |
| ACE inhibitors | 6 (21.4) | 95 (31.6) | 158 (39.5) | .007 |
| ARB | 6 (23.1) | 56 (21.4) | 95 (26.4) | .197 |
| Beta‐blockers | 15 (53.6) | 114 (37.6) | 232 (53.6) | .001 |
| Statins | 14 (63.6) | 175 (66.8) | 292 (78.9) | .001 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 4 (14.8) | 53 (20.2) | 131 (35.6) | <.001 |
| Nitrates | 1 (3.8) | 10 (4.1) | 29 (8.7) | .03 |
| Diuretics | 5 (20.0) | 27 (10.5) | 79 (22.1) | .003 |
| Vital signs on FMC | ||||
| Admission Killip class | ||||
| I | 32 (100.0) | 356 (100.0) | 492 (100.0) | NaN |
| II–V | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NaN |
| Heart rate (bpm) (median [IQR]) | 81.50 (72.00, 90.00) | 76.00 (66.00, 86.00) | 78.00 (68.00, 88.00) | .343 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) (median [IQR]) | 142.00 (121.00, 150.00) | 147.00 (131.00, 160.00) | 147.00 (130.00, 161.00) | .603 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) (median [IQR]) | 83.50 (70.75, 98.00) | 83.00 (74.00, 93.00) | 81.00 (71.00, 91.00) | .083 |
| Atrial fibrillation/supraventricular tachycardia | 1 (3.0) | 12 (3.2) | 27 (5.2) | .153 |
| VT/VF | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NaN |
| 2nd to 3rd degree AV block | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.3) | 2 (0.4) | .664 |
| Reperfusion therapy | ||||
| PCI | 25 (75.8) | 259 (69.6) | 331 (64.0) | .038 |
| Coronary angiography | 33 (100.0) | 372 (100.0) | 517 (100.0) | NaN |
| In‐hospital complications | ||||
| Mild‐moderate CHF (Killip‐2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NaN |
| Pulmonary edema (Killip‐3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NaN |
| Cardiogenic shock (Killip‐4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NaN |
| Hemodynamically significant right ventricle infarction | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NaN |
| Recurrent MI | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NaN |
| Recurrent angina/ischemia | 1 (3.0) | 2 (0.5) | 10 (1.9) | .283 |
| Stent thrombosis | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) | .949 |
| Free wall rupture | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NaN |
| Tamponade | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NaN |
| Moderate to severe mitral regurgitation | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NaN |
| Pericarditis | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.4) | .235 |
| Sustained VT ( > 125 bpm) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NaN |
| Primary VF | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | .19 |
| Secondary VF | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NaN |
| New atrial fibrillation | 0 (0.0) | 5 (1.3) | 10 (1.9) | .327 |
| High degree (2nd‐3rd) AV block | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.3) | 2 (0.4) | .664 |
| Asystole | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NaN |
| Stroke | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.5) | 4 (0.8) | .539 |
| Acute renal failure | 1 (3.0) | 4 (1.1) | 13 (2.5) | .282 |
| Bleeding | 0 (0.0) | 7 (1.9) | 7 (1.4) | .868 |
| Blood transfusions | 0 (0.0) | 4 (1.1) | 7 (1.4) | .512 |
| Laboratory tests | ||||
| Peak CK (U/L) value (median [IQR]) | 217.00 (118.00, 558.00) | 218.00 (114.75, 459.75) | 156.50 (90.50, 337.75) | <.001 |
| Peak troponin I elevated | 16 (94.1) | 160 (90.9) | 200 (88.1) | .268 |
| Peak troponin T elevated | 16 (94.1) | 213 (94.7) | 318 (95.5) | .627 |
| Earliest creatinine (mg/dl) (median [IQR]) | 0.98 (0.78, 1.09) | 0.90 (0.77, 1.03) | 0.94 (0.80, 1.12) | .005 |
| Treatment at discharge | ||||
| Aspirin | 33 (100.0) | 354 (96.5) | 496 (96.5) | .587 |
| P2Y12 | 28 (84.8) | 341 (93.2) | 461 (90.4) | .598 |
| P2Y12 type | ||||
| Prasugrel | 9 (30.0) | 53 (14.9) | 54 (10.8) | .004 |
| Ticagrelor | 15 (50.0) | 198 (55.6) | 251 (50.4) | .249 |
| Clopidogrel | 6 (20.0) | 105 (29.5) | 193 (38.8) | .001 |
| Statins | 31 (96.9) | 359 (99.4) | 489 (98.8) | .856 |
| ACE‐I/ARB | 26 (83.9) | 278 (83.7) | 385 (84.8) | .702 |
| Beta‐blockers | 24 (77.4) | 266 (80.6) | 398 (84.9) | .077 |
| 30‐day clinical outcomes | ||||
| Rehospitalization | 5 (17.9) | 54 (16.5) | 82 (17.0) | .932 |
| Recurrent MI | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.9) | 2 (0.4) | .578 |
| Recurrent angina | 0 (0.0) | 5 (2.7) | 11 (3.7) | .379 |
| MACEa | 2 (6.5) | 18 (5.0) | 33 (6.4) | .472 |
| Death rates | ||||
| 30‐day mortality | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.8) | 1 (0.2) | .318 |
| 1‐year mortality | 1 (3.2) | 9 (2.6) | 16 (3.3) | .637 |
Abbreviations: ACE, angiotensin‐converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; AV, atrioventricular; BMI, Body mass index; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; MI, myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; VF, ventricular fibrillation; VT, ventricular tachycardia.
a
MACE was defined as 30‐days mortality, recurrent myocardial infarction, unstable angina, urgent revascularization, stent thrombosis, and cerebrovascular event.