Effects of nintedanib on human GIST cell lines and human primary GIST cells. (A) Antiproliferative effects of nintedanib against GIST‐T1, GIST‐882, GIST‐5R, GIST‐48B and GIST‐T1‐T670I cell lines. The cell lines were treated with drugs (0–10 μm) for 3 days using CellTiter‐Glo assay. Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 3, independent experiments). (B) Anti‐proliferation of human primary GIST cells after treatment with nintedanib for 6 days using CellTiter‐Glo assay. Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 3, independent experiments). (C) Inhibition of signalling pathways of KIT in GIST‐T1, GIST‐882, GIST‐5R and GIST‐48B cell lines after treatment with nintedanib for 4 h (immunoblotting; n = 3, independent experiments). (D) Effects of nintedanib on cell cycle progression after treatment for 24–72 h (flow cytometry). This experiment was carried out once. (E) Nintedanib induced GIST‐T1, GIST‐882, GIST‐5R and GIST‐48B cell line apoptosis. This experiment was conducted once.