Table 11.

Outcome Measures for Remediating Professionalism

Outcome measure	References
Timing of evaluation
Post-remediation evaluations	[62, 72, 78, 81, 85, 123, 136, 137, 145]
Mid-term evaluation	[62, 115, 137]
Quarterly assessment	[122]
Daily assessment	[72]
Monthly assessment	[95, 105]
Nature of Assessments
Longitudinal	[74, 78, 101, 113, 125, 130]
Multisource	[108]
Type of Assessments
Group discussions	[72]
Interview, oral exam	[62, 87, 137]
Self-reflection such as reflective essay assignments and reports	[88, 109, 130, 137, 139]
Peer-assessment	[62, 127, 145]
Multiple Choice Questions	[69, 87, 147]
Objective Structured Clinical Examination	[18, 85, 87, 147]
Survey	[71, 144]
Workplace-based assessment, complaints, patient records and documentation	[85, 91, 95, 108, 113, 135, 145]