Table 5.

Modalities for Remediating Patient Care and Procedural Skills

Modality	References
Intensified direct supervision	[65–67, 72, 77, 87, 99, 105, 113, 128, 130, 142]
Professional coaching to correct personal behaviour	[61, 72, 89, 99, 105, 145]
Direct observation & feedback	[72, 98, 99, 105, 113, 122, 141],
Simulations of clinical scenarios	[61, 67, 74, 78, 87, 98, 125, 130, 140, 141]
Clinical tutorials, workshops (Didactic and Educational Activity)	[112]
Lectures	[67]
Repeat/increased clinical rotations	[18, 66, 77, 89, 128, 130, 136]
Readings	[61, 65–67, 89, 128]
Holistic support (e.g. alcohol addiction rehabilitation, underlying reasons for substandard skills)	[9, 87, 97, 130, 134]