Table 6.

Modalities for Remediating Interpersonal and Communication Skills

Modality	References
Intensified direct supervision	[65–67, 72, 77, 85, 87, 95, 98–100, 105, 108, 113, 122, 128, 130, 132, 137, 141–143]
Professional coaching to correct personal behaviour	[72, 89, 95, 99, 100, 105, 122, 137, 145]
Simulations of clinical scenarios	[67, 74, 78, 87, 98, 99, 125, 130, 140, 141]
Case discussions	[72, 86, 87, 113, 137]
Clinical tutorials, workshops (Didactic and Educational Activity)	[86, 95, 99, 112, 128, 140, 141, 145]
Lectures	[67]
Counselling	[74, 89, 95, 99, 122]
Clinical embedding such as ward round presentations	[140]
Online courses, assignments, quizzes	[132, 133]
Repeat/increased clinical rotations	[18, 66, 77, 89, 99, 128, 130, 132, 136]
Readings	[65–67, 86, 89, 128, 131, 137]
Holistic support (e.g. alcohol addiction rehabilitation, underlying reasons for substandard skills)	[9, 87, 97, 130, 134]