Fig. 4.

L654 has limited effects on hepatic lipid metabolism mRNA but decreases mRNA of genes involved in inflammation, MHC class II, and extracellular matrix pathways. Hepatic mRNA expression in L654-injected or vehicle-injected Western-type HFD-fed Ldlr^−/− mice was determined using real-time qRT-PCR and standardized to the geometric mean of Gapdh, β-actin, and Rplp0 reference genes using the 2^−ΔΔCt method. Quantification of mRNA expression of genes related to inflammation (A), lipid metabolism (B), MHC class II and antigen processing (C), and extracellular matrix (D) is shown (n = 12–14, mean ± SEM). Statistical significance determined by two-tailed Student’s t-test (∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗P < 0.0001).