. 2022 Apr 19;22:340. doi: 10.1186/s12884-022-04678-z

Table 3.

Differences in NTD-related stillbirth and infant mortality with late ToPFA cases, Turkey, 2014–2019, (n = 3911)

Variables	Overall	Stillbirth and infant death	ToPFA	p
n	3911	3440	471
Gender (%)				0.160
Female	62.9	63.0	62.2
Male	36.7	36.7	36.9
Unknown	0.4	0.3	0.8
Gestational age (week)	32.6 ± 5.8	33.7 ± 5.1	24.5 ± 3.4	< 0.001
Birthweight (gr)	1736 ± 996	1875 ± 971	731 ± 445	< 0.001
Maternal age (year)	28.5 ± 6.5	28.6 ± 6.5	27.9 ± 6.4	0.033
Maternal education (year)	5.6 ± 4.4	5.4 ± 4.3	8.1 ± 4.3	< 0.001
Paternal education (year)	6.9 ± 4.4	6.7 ± 4.4	8.5 ± 4.3	< 0.001
Household size	4.6 ± 2.7	4.7 ± 2.7	3.7 ± 1.9	< 0.001
Consanguineous marriage (%)				< 0.001
Yes	22.8	24.6^a	9.8^b
No	71.4	69.5^a	85.6^b
Unknown	5.8	5.9^a	4.7^a
Miscarriage/stillbirth history (%)				0.002
Yes	30.1	31.0^a	23.8^b
No	64.8	63.8^a	72.0^b
Unknown	5.1	5.2^a	4.2^a
Maternal smoking (%)				0.674
Yes	6.3	6.2	7.2
No	85.6	85.6	85.1
Unknown	8.1	8.1	7.6
Pregnancy type (%)				0.118
Normal	94.1	93.8	96.2
Assisted reproductive technology	2.2	2.3	1.3
Unknown	3.7	3.9	2.5
Parity(%)				0.006
Nullipar	24.2	23.4^a	30.1^b
Multipar	72.1	72.8^a	66.7^b
Unknown	3.7	3.7^a	3.2^a
Number of antenatal care	5.9 ± 5.0	6.0 ± 5.1	5.7 ± 4.7	0.341
Number of fetuses in the pregnancy (%)				< 0.001
Singleton	91.9	91.3^a	96.4^b
Twin/triplet	4.2	4.6^a	1.1^b
Unknown	3.9	4.1^a	2.5^a
Delivery type (%)				< 0.001
Vaginal delivery	44.3	39.4^a	80.3^b
Cesarean section	50.8	55.7^a	15.3^b
Unknown	4.9	5.0^a	4.5^a
Regions (%)				< 0.001
West	27.5	24.7^a	47.8^b
South	10.0	10.3^a	7.9^a
Central	12.1	10.7^a	22.3^b
North	4.0	3.3^a	9.8^b
East	46.4	51.0^a	12.3^b

NTD Neural tube defect, ToPFA Termination of pregnancy for fetal anomaly

Values are column percentage or mean ± SD

^a,bDifferent letters in the same row are significant