Table 1.

The updated list of drugs under clinical trials for the treatment of coronavirus disease-19 patients

Drugs	Active against diseases	Clinical trial number	Clinical phase status	Mechanism of action	References
Favipiravir	Antiviral	NCT04359615	Phase IV	RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor	[42]
Interferon beta		NCT04350671		Anti-viral and immunomodulatory effects	[43]
Ganovo + ritonavir		NCT04291729		Viral protease inhibitor	[44]
Azithromycin + hydroxychloroquine	Antimalarial	NCT04359316		Secondary bacterial infection inhibitor	[38]
Remdesivir	Antiviral	NCT04292899	Phase III	RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor	[38]
Ribavirin		NCT04460443		Viral RNA synthesis and mRNA capping inhibitor	[45]
Oseltamivir		NCT04338698		Viral protease inhibitor	[46]
ASC09F		NCT04261270			[46]
Baricitinib		NCT04421027		JAK inhibitor	[47]
Darunavir and cobicistat		NCT04252274		Viral protease inhibitor	[46]
Chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine	Antiparasitic	NCT04353336		Disrupt viral S protein interaction with ACE2	[44,48]
Nitazoxanide	Antiparasitic/antiviral	NCT04463264	Phase II	Induces the host innate immune response to produce interferons	[49]
Lopinavir	Antiviral	NCT04455958		Viral protease inhibitor	[50,51,52]
Ritonavir		NCT04455958
Interferon alpha		NCT04379518		Induces the body’s innate anti-viral response	[43]
Camostat mesylate		NCT04435015	Phase I	Serine protease inhibitor	[27]
Galidesivir		NCT03891420		Viral RNA polymerase function inhibitor	[53]

JAK: Janus kinases, ACE2: Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2, mRNA: Messenger RNA